Matching Objectives to Instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Matching Objectives to Instruction - Essay Example For students to learn and remember a concept, they need to see multiple examples.They also need to gain generalization knowledge, and apply the concept via application activity, which is very close to the real world. The lecture and test approach requires students to memorize facts as the main objective (Beirne and Velsor, 2012). The strategy helps the instructor to evaluate the students’ understanding of the lesson content. It fits well in administering history classes and other classes that do not require other activities apart from memorizing facts. If the lecture objective is to make the learners to apply lecture content, then the teacher has several activities to do (Rawlins and Metzger, 2014). After presenting the facts through reading and lecturing, the instructor must show the learners how to make knowledge generalizations from background knowledge. The background knowledge presents itself from discussions, study problems or assignments and provides the students with opportunities to apply the learned principles in papers, laboratory experiments, case studies, examinations and small group projects. The application of the strategy is in teaching mathematics, sciences and other associated subjects that require content

The House of Tata Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The House of Tata - Case Study Example The House of Tata, India’s oldest and largest group of companies, was also one of the country’s most respected business organizations. The Tata Group enterprises, worth a market value of Rs. 290 billion in FY96, included 84 separately traded companies spanning 25 sectors of the economy, with 270,000 employees and FY95 sales of Rs. 220 billion.2 Ratan Tata, chairman since 1991 of the group holding company. Jamsetji Tata planted the roots of the Tata Group by establishing a single textile mill in 1874. Throughout his expansive career, he never lost sight of his goal to encourage India’s industrial and intellectual development. The House of Tata built world-class capacity in steel and hydroelectric power, and developed modern manufacturing methods, technical education, and research capabilities. Jamsetji founded the J.N. Tata Endowment Trust in 1892 to provide loan scholarships for Indian nationals with outstanding academic records to pursue higher studies abroad. T he later Tatas lived up to their patriarch’s legacy, and by the mid 20th century, 85% of the Tata family’s original share in Tata Sons was transferred to two charitable trusts, the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and the Sir Ratan Tata Trust.

Role Of Education In Contemporary Society

Role Of Education In Contemporary Society Discuss functionalist approaches to the role of education in contemporary society This essay will look at functionalism and the approaches held within and use these approaches to explain the affect they have on the role of education in contemporary society. The functionalists approach has been fundamental in helping towards the goal of understanding behaviour and the world we live in. and this methodologies used. This essay will discuss and analyse some key points surrounding these methods and it will highlight the strengths and weaknesses identified in within these methods. The functionalist approach is one of several different perspectives within sociology. Functionalism is a structuralist theory, and sees the individual as less important than the social structures of organizations in society and looks at society as a whole rather than individuals within it. The functionalist approach looks at society as though it was a human body, each part of the body has a function to keep it alive and healthy and each part of society helps to keep society going. (Tony Bilton 2009) Functionalists believe in maintaining consensus, a general agreement between societies as a hole of widely shared values and beliefs. The functionalist approach believes that as individuals we all have a shared responsibility to use the functional prerequisites set out for us such as the NHS, government and Education Services. Education is a term used to describe knowledge and skills acquired both within and outside educational institutions. Education is always changing and research is ongoing, as is research on the provision for achievement for all abilities. The ultimate goal of education is to provide the best possible education. (Tony Bilton 2009) Functionalism is largely derived from sociologists such as Emile Durkheim( 1961)and Talcott Parsons. The Functionalist approach explains that by studying the relationship between education and other social institutions that the educational system does not function alone, it makes a positive contribution to society as a whole. For without society functioning as a whole and without the realization that the individual is part of something much bigger than themselves, social life would be unfeasible, thus making Durkheims Social solidarity a fundamental part of functionalist thinking. (Haralabos 2010 ) ( )Durkheim saw the educational system as a way to be taught societies, norms and values. Durkheim believed that people are placed into education in order to learn life skills which will in turn set the foundations for future employment. This enables people to fulfil roles in society and develop a social conscience, which Durkheim labelled conscience collective and play their part in the division of labour. Durkheim argued that children need to learn to become part of society and education helps with this and it also helps the child to survive in society. Durkheim believed that the education system was better at teaching certain aspects of social rules than that of families or peer groups. He also thought that being taught punishment and self discipline in the educational systems would help the individual see that bad behaviour would not only effect the individual but would also effect society as a whole. It was Durkheims belief that being taught subjects such as History would help children feel an attachment to society and enable them to become more commited to their social groups and this would have a positive effect on the greater good of society. Durkheim viewed the education system as a miniature society and a model of the social system (Haralambos 2010) As effective as Durkheims view of education is there are still some issues surrounding his theories that can be argued like how can the transmission of social solidarity and shared values be correctly measured especially when looking from an interactionist against society as a whole and can one assume that each individual is going to learn the exact same values and social norms when schools teach in different ways and pupils interpretation on things are different. Although Durkheim Although Talcott Parsons(1961)was in agreement with Durkheims view of the education system representing a miniature society argued that the education system acts as stepping stones between the family and society. Parsons states that primary socialization takes place within the confounds of the family and this is where particularistic standards will be placed on the child. However to move on to universalistic standards, the focal socialization is then taken over by the school thus Ensuring children are prepared for their adult roles in society. This ensures the child moves from the ascribed status of the family on to the achieved status and universalistic values of adult society. Parsons believed the basic values of society were taught through the education system and that value consensus was inevitable for society to function resourcefully. Parson argued that each individual regardless of background could significantly achieve in the education system and that equality of opportunity was based on meritocratic principles. Parsons viewed the school as a vital tool in assisting role allocation that each job would be correctly matched to the skills of that child. Davis and Moore (1967) came from a different viewpoint than that of Parsons they agreed on the concept of role allocation but linked it more to the idea of social stratification, they argue that inequality is needed to ensure the most important and influencial roles in society are filled with the most skilful and intellectual members of society. They believe this is done through a filtering process whereby individuals are put into categories and graded on their performance, those that achieve higher qualifications can then get higher positions in society. If individuals were assigned to the wrong roles this would have a negative effect on society and the education system would be seen as failing and this would bring about a degree of inefficiency. that the education system is essential in preparing youngsters for their forthcoming roles in society Parsons believed the basic values of society were taught through the education system and that value consensus was inevitable for society to function resourcefully. Parson argued that each individual regardless of background could significantly achieve in the education system and that equality of opportunity was based on meritocratic principles. Parsons viewed the school as a vital tool in assisting role allocation that each job would be correctly matched to the skills of that child. Davis and Moore (1967) came from a different viewpoint than that of Parsons they agreed on the concept of role allocation but linked it more to the idea of social stratification, they argue that inequality is needed to ensure the most important and influencial roles in society are filled with the most skilful and intellectual members of society. They believe this is done through a filtering process whereby individuals are put into categories and graded on their performance, those that achieve higher qualifications can then get higher positions in society. If individuals were assigned to the wrong roles this would have a negative effect on society and the education system would be seen as failing and this could bring about a degree of inefficiency As effective as Durkheims view of education is there are still some issues surrounding his theories that can be argued like how can the transmission of social solidarity and shared values be correctly measured and can one assume that each individual is going to learn the exact same values and social norms when schools teach in different ways and pupils interpretation on things are different.

Shakespeare in Love :: English Literature Essays

Shakespeare in Love How true is my love? William Shakespeare creates the readers world of wonder. His own marriage was a world of wonder. Shakespeare’s wife was young and beautiful. Her name was Anne Hathaway. She was eight years older than Shakespeare. Shakespeare was eighteen when he married Anne. They were joined in a â€Å"hand fast marriage.† This is a contract to marry before witnesses, marked by a kiss and a ring. It is followed by sexual intercourse forming a binding marriage. Romeo and Juliet had a delightful marriage. Shakespeare wrote about happy marriages. Romeo loved Juliet so much that he was willing to die for her. He never did her any wrong and cherished her love. Shakespeare is a woman worshiper. In Elizabeth I, Viola is a young witty girl who dresses as a man to work with Shakespeare. Viola falls in love with him. Viola is portrayed as vibrant and bright. Accusations of Shakespeare’s affairs are published in the novel, No Bed for Bacon. Shakespeare was said to write about love from his own experience. A Midsummer Night’s dream describes love the best. Is love predictable? Hermia and Lysander, in a Midsummer Night’s dream, have an altered love. Hermia’s father chose whom she would love, but Hermia already loves Lysander. She elopes with her love. Then a spell is cast upon her to fall in love with Helena, her fathers best friend. Love is so strong Hermia can’t be forced to love someone besides Lysander, there is a spell. Shakespeare portrays love to be the strongest emotion. It is said that love was the reason he stayed with Anne even though she was so far away. Romeo and Juliet were not supposed to love each other because of family quarrels. They felt so strongly toward each other that they refused to let anything get in the way of their love. Romeo and Juliet are a tragedy. The love they shared brought them to death. Romeo and Juliet tried to be together. They married without telling their family. Juliet’s father had a plan for her to marry someone he favored. Juliet refused, her father insisted, so Juliet faked her death. Romeo was supposed to get a letter telling of the plan. The letter was not received. Romeo found Juliet, supposedly dead, he killed himself at her side. Juliet awakened to her lover dead and committed suicide. Is love this strong?

Inestigating the Affect of Yeast Concentration on the Breakdown

Investigating a factor that affects the rate of enzyme activity Enzymes speed up reactions. They have an area with a very particular shape called the ‘active site’. When the right molecule comes along (substrate molecule) it will fit perfectly into the active site and there will be a reaction. After the reaction the products then leave the active site. This process is often referred to as the lock and key theory as only one enzyme can carry out one type of reaction. The catalase enzyme speeds up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water.The hydrogen peroxide molecule acts as the substrate molecule and enters the active site where it is broke down into oxygen and water. The oxygen and water then leave the active site. Catalase enzyme Hydrogen peroxide (toxic) oxygen + water In the investigation I am doing, these are the factors I could change: * The concentration of the enzyme * Increase the temperature * Increase the PH I have chosen to investigate how the concentration of the enzyme affects the rate of reaction. I expect that the more concentrated the enzyme the faster the reaction time will be.Changing the concentration of the enzyme will affect the rate of the reaction. I predict that as we increase the concentration of the enzyme the faster the rate of reaction will be. I think this because as you add more catalase, the catalase will be able to break down more hydrogen peroxide molecules because there will be more active sites, however there will be a point where increasing the concentration of enzymes will be pointless as there will already be the same amount of active sites as hydrogen peroxide molecules.I predict that the rate of reaction with 20 catalase will be double that of 10 catalase because if you have double the catalase then they will digest the hydrogen peroxide twice as quick. Equipment * Small measuring cylinder 100ml * Pipette * 3 large beakers 200ml * Mini cylinder 10ml * Delivery tube and bung * Goggles * Bowl * Test tube * Test tube rack * Little beaker 50ml Preliminary method 1. Put on goggles 2. Fill 2 200ml beakers with 150 ml’s of water in each, one 200ml beaker with anything from 50-200ml of yeast and one 50ml beaker with 50ml of hydrogen peroxide. . Fill one large bowl full of water 4. Then, Place test tube rack on desk and place on test tube in it. 5. Next, fill a 100ml measuring cylinder with 100ml of water. 6. Put out a 10ml measuring cylinder and fill it with the appropriate amount of yeast and water according to your range using a pipette. 7. Place your hand over the top of the 100ml measuring cylinder, turn it over and place it in the bowl, trying not to lose too much water. 8. Place the delivery tube under the measuring cylinder. 9.Then add 2ml of hydrogen peroxide to the test tube using a pipette. 10. Measure the water in the measuring cylinder and record it and then quickly add the yeast and water to the test tube, place the bung in and start the stop watch. 11. At 1 minute record the water level again. 12. Wash the pipette using one of the beakers of water and then repeat the experiment with a different yeast and water ratio (remember to repeat them 3 times to make the results reliable). Oxygen produced Oxygen producedPreliminary results table Volume of yeast(cm3)| Volume of water(cm3)| Volume of hydrogen peroxide(cm3)| Time (s)| Test 1| Test 2| average| 8| 0| 2| 60| 12cm3| 9cm3| 10. 5cm3| 4| 4| 2| 60| 6cm3| 5cm3| 5. 5cm3| 1| 7| 2| 60| 1cm3| 0cm3| 0. 5cm3| From this practical I have decided on my range. My highest will be 8cm3 of yeast and no water and my lowest will be 1cm3 of yeast and 7cm3 of water. I have decided on these results because they have provided a sufficient difference between them and have a clear difference.

Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 6

Kevin howled, clapping a hand to his cheek. â€Å"He cut me! This guy cut me!† Blood ran between his fingers. Randy lifted the razor again. Thea reached out with her mind. Not reached. She leaped. It was completely instinctive; she was scared to death, and all she could think of was that he was going to kill Kevin, and maybe Blaise, too. She caught-something. Pain and grief and fury that seemed to be bouncing around like a baboon in a cage. She could hold it for only an instant, but in that instant Eric threw two cups of punch in Randy's face. Randy yelled and turned away from Kevin, toward Eric. Thea felt a surge of pure terror. Randy slashed with the razor, but Eric was fast; he jumped back out of the way, circling to get behind Randy. Randy wheeled and slashed again. They were doing a macabre dance, going round and round. Thea felt as if the fear was winding tighter inside her with each turn. But Eric kept out of the way of the flashing razor until a rush of movement on the dance floor caught her eye. It was Mr. Adkins and two other teachers. They converged on Randy and there was a lot of confusion. When it was over, Randy was on the ground. Sirens wailed outside, coming closer. Eric stepped away from the pile on the floor. Breathing hard, he looked at Thea. She nodded that she was all right, then shut her eyes. She felt limp and wrung out and awful. They were going to take Randy away now, and she didn't think there was much help for him. He definitely seemed too far gone. At that moment she was ashamed of being a witch. â€Å"All right, people,† Mr. Adkins was saying. â€Å"Let's move out of here. Let's get this place cleared.† He looked at Blaise, who was bending over a seated Kevin, holding a napkin to his cheek. â€Å"You two can stay.† Then he put a hand on Blaise's shoulder. â€Å"Are you okay here?† Blaise looked up with wide, tragic gray eyes. â€Å"I think so,† she said bravely. Mr. Adkins swallowed. His hand on Blaise's shoulder squeezed. Thea heard him mutter something like, â€Å"Poor kid.† Oh, give me a break, Thea thought. But a small, selfish part of her was relieved. Blaise wasn't going to get in trouble over this one; neither of them was going to get expelled. Grandma wasn't going to be disgraced in front of the Inner Circle. And Blaise did seem worried about Kevin. She was bending over him again solicitously. As if she really cared. Thea slipped past a teacher's outstretched arm. â€Å"Are you okay?† she whispered to Blaise. Blaise looked up enigmatically. That was when Thea saw that she had a tiny vial concealed in the napkin. It was full of blood. â€Å"You†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Thea couldn't find the words. Blaise made a slight grimace that meant: I know. But it was just too good a chance to miss. Thea backed up and ran into Eric. He put a steadying arm around her. â€Å"Is she all right?† â€Å"She's fine. I have to get out of here.† Eric looked into her face. He was rumpled: his hair mussed, his eyes dark. All he said was, â€Å"Let's go.† They passed Vivienne and Selene on the way out. Thea had to give them credit; they both looked shocked and unhappy. The question was, would it last? Dani was in the parking lot with John Finkelstein. â€Å"I'm going home,† she said significantly to Thea, and tossed something into a clump of bitterbrush. It was an empty vial. Thea felt a tiny uncoiling of relief. She touched Dani's arm lightly. â€Å"Thanks.† Dani looked back at the cafeteria. â€Å"I wonder what it was he wanted to know?† she murmured. And just then a howl came from the lighted doorway, as if answering her question. It didn't sound like a person; it sounded like an animal in anguish. â€Å"Whyyyyyy?† Thea turned blindly and almost ran for Eric's jeep. When they were driving on darkened streets, Eric said quietly, â€Å"I'm presuming he was an old boyfriend?† â€Å"Last month's.† Eric glanced at her. â€Å"He was pretty messed up, poor guy.† And that, Thea thought, summed it up nicely. He was pretty messed up forever. Poor guy. â€Å"It's Blaise,† she said. She hadn't meant to talk to him about this, but the words were so crowded in her throat that she thought she'd burst if she didn't let them out. â€Å"She does this and does this, and I can't stop her. She picks guys up everywhere, and they fall in love with her, and then she dumps them.† â€Å"Love? Hm,† Eric said. Thea looked at him, astonished. He was looking straight ahead, his long, supple fingers steady on the wheel. Well. And I thought you were so naive. Maybe you see more than I realized. â€Å"It's a kind of love,† she said. â€Å"It's like-do you know, in ancient Greece they worshiped the goddess Aphrodite. She was the goddess of love-and the thing about her was that she was absolutely merciless.† Thea shook her head. â€Å"I saw this play once about a queen named Phaedra. And Aphrodite made her fall in love with her own stepson, and by the end of the play just about everybody was dead on the stage. But Aphrodite just kept smiling. Because she was just doing what a goddess does-the same way that a tornado rips houses apart or a fire burns down a forest.† She stopped. Her chest was aching and she didn't have any breath left. But in a way she felt better, as if some pressure had been relieved. â€Å"And you think Blaise is like that.† â€Å"Yes. Sort of a natural force that can't help itself. Does that sound completely crazy?† â€Å"Actually, no.† Eric gave a wry smile. â€Å"Nature's rough. Hawks grab rabbits. Male lions kill cubs. It's a jungle out there.† â€Å"But that doesn't make it right. Maybe for goddesses and animals, but not when it gets to the level of humans.† It was a moment before she realized what she'd said. She was using â€Å"humans† to mean â€Å"people.† â€Å"Well, humans aren't very far from animals, after all,† Eric said softly. Thea sagged back against the seat. She was still confused and unhappy, but what scared her most was that she felt a strong urge to keep talking to Eric about it. He seemed to understand so well†¦ better than anybody else ever had. And not only to understand, but to care. â€Å"I know what you need,† Eric said suddenly, brightening. â€Å"I was going to suggest we go to the late buffet at Harrah's, but I know something better.† Thea glanced at the clock, saw that it was almost eleven: â€Å"What?† â€Å"Puppy therapy.† â€Å"What?† He just grinned and turned the jeep south. They pulled up at a modest gray building with a sign that read sun city animal hospital. â€Å"This is where you work.† â€Å"Yup. We can let Pilar off early,† Eric said, getting out and unlocking the front door of the building. â€Å"Come on.† A pretty girl with shoulder-length brown hair looked up from behind the office counter. Thea recognized her as Pilar Osorio from school. A quiet girl who looked like a good student. â€Å"How was the dance?† she said. Thea thought her eyes lingered on Eric wistfully as she said it. Eric shrugged. â€Å"Pretty awful, to tell the truth. There was a fight and we left.† Thea noticed he didn't mention his part in stopping the fight. â€Å"How awful,† Pilar said sympathetically-but Thea thought she wasn't entirely sorry that the dance hadn't gone well. â€Å"Yeah. So how's our boy?† â€Å"Okay-a little hyper. You might want to take him for a walk later.† Pilar picked up her jacket. She nodded politely to Thea as she headed for the door. â€Å"See you Monday.† She likes him. When the door was shut, Thea looked around the office. â€Å"So the clinic's not open.† â€Å"No, but somebody has to stay overnight when we've got animals boarding here.† He gave her the grin again. â€Å"Follow me.† He led her through an exam room into a corridor and then to a kennel room at the back. Thea looked around with interest. She'd never been in the inner sanctum of an animal hospital before. There were several dog runs. Eager whining was coming from the last. Eric looked at her mischievously. â€Å"Three, two, one†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He opened the cage. A big Labrador puppy tumbled out, tail wagging frantically. He was a beautiful color that ranged from deep gold on his back to almost white on his legs and paws. â€Å"Hey, Bud,† Eric said. â€Å"Hey, pal; who's a good boy?† He looked at Thea solemnly. â€Å"This is the ultimate cuddle dog.† Thea collapsed on the sheet vinyl floor and made a lap, holding both arms out. â€Å"Uh-your dress-† Eric began mildly, but the puppy was already in midair. Thea caught him and he crawled up her, legs on her shoulders, hot breath blowing in her ear. â€Å"I think I'm in love,† Thea gasped, her arms full of warm, heavy puppy sweetness. Happiness surrounded her. She didn't have to try to merge with the puppy's mind; he practically took over by force. All his thoughts were good ones, and they were all about now. About how terrific everything smelled this minute, and how great that scratch behind the ear felt on a fleabite. Good feelings, happy feelings†¦ I really like this big bald dog†¦ Wonder which of us is dominant? The puppy bit her and Thea play-bit him back. â€Å"Wrong; I'm the pack leader,† she informed him, holding his jowls. There was only one odd thing. She could see the way the world looked to the pup-and there was nothing on the right. Just a void. â€Å"Is there something wrong with his eyes?† â€Å"You noticed the cataract. Lots of people don't see that right away. Yeah, he's blind in the right eye. When he gets older he may come back for surgery.† Eric sat back against the wall, grinning madly. â€Å"You've really got a way with animals,† he said. â€Å"But you don't own any pets?† The question was gentle, not intrusive. Thea said absently, â€Å"Well, usually just temporary ones. I pick them up and when they're cured I put them back- or find homes for them if they want to be pets.† â€Å"You cure them.† Once again, the question was gentle, but Thea felt a little shock. Why couldn't she guard her tongue around this guy? She looked up and found he was looking at her steadily and searchingly, his green eyes alert. She took a breath. â€Å"I feed them, take them to the vet if they need it. Then I wait until they heal up.† He nodded, but the searching look didn't go away. â€Å"Did you ever think of being a vet yourself?† Thea had to look down. She bluffed by kissing the puppy. â€Å"Uh, not really,† she muttered into blond fur. â€Å"But you've got a gift. Look, I've got some material on U.C. Davis. They have a great undergraduate program-and their graduate school is one of the best in the country. It's not easy to get in, but you could do it. I know you could.† â€Å"I wouldn't bet on it,† Thea muttered. She had several dramatic blotches on her academic record- like four expulsions. But that wasn't the real problem. The real problem was that witches weren't veterinarians. They just weren't. She could choose to specialize in gems or herbs or ritual clothing; in chants or runes or research or amulets†¦ in hundreds of things, but nothing taught at U.C. Davis. â€Å"It's hard to explain,† Thea said. She didn't have much room left to be surprised, or she'd have been surprised to find she wanted to explain to a human. â€Å"It's just-my family wouldn't really approve. They want me to be something else.† Eric opened his mouth, then shut it again. The puppy sneezed. â€Å"Well-maybe you could help me with my application sometime,† Eric said at last. â€Å"I'm trying to do the essay question and dying.† You sneak, Thea thought. â€Å"Maybe,† she said. At that moment a buzzer sounded-far away but insistent. Bud barked. â€Å"What the†¦ that's the outside buzzer,† Eric said. â€Å"But nobody should be here at this time of night.† He got up and headed for the front of the building. Thea followed, her fingertips just brushing Bud's head to control him. Eric opened the door, then stepped back in surprise. â€Å"Rosamund†¦ what are you doing here? Does Mom know you're out?† Something like a miniature whirlwind entered the waiting room. It was a kid, a little girl with a mop of sandy hair sticking out from under a baseball cap. She was carrying a rolled-up blue blanket, and what could be seen of her expression under the hair was ferocious. â€Å"Mom said Madame Curie wasn't really sick, but she is. Call Dr. Joan.† With that, the kid marched into the office and dumped the blue blanket on the counter, pushing aside a clipboard and some vaccination reminder cards. â€Å"Hey. Don't.† When she ignored him, Eric looked at Thea. â€Å"Uh, this is my sister Rosamund. And I don't know how she got here-â€Å" â€Å"I rode my bike and I want Madame Curie fixed now.† Bud was rearing up and trying to sniff the blue blanket. Thea pushed him down gently. â€Å"Who's Madame Curie?† â€Å"Madame Curie is a guinea pig,† Eric said. He touched the blanket. â€Å"Roz-Dr. Joan is gone. She's out of town at a conference.† Rosamund's ferocious expression never wavered, but her chin began to quiver. â€Å"Okay, listen. I'll take a look at Madame Curie now, see if I can see anything. But first we have to call Mom and let her know you're alive.† He reached for the phone. â€Å"I'll take Bud back,† Thea said. â€Å"I think he thinks Madame Curie is lunch.† She led the puppy into the back room and coaxed him into the run with a promise of extra petting later. When she came back to the office, Eric was bent over a small brown-and-white guinea pig. He looked frustrated. â€Å"Well, there's something wrong with her-I guess. She seems weaker than usual and sort of lethargic___† Suddenly he jerked his hand back with a yelp. â€Å"Not too lethargic,† he said, eyeing the blood welling up from his thumb. He wiped it on a tissue and bent over the guinea pig again. â€Å"She's in a bad mood,† Rosamund said. â€Å"And she's not eating right. I told you yesterday she was sick.† â€Å"No, you didn't,† Eric said calmly. â€Å"You told me she was tired of living under patriarchy.† â€Å"Well, she is tired. And she's sick. Do something.† â€Å"Kid, I don't know what to do yet. Hang on.† He bent closer to the little animal, muttering to himself. â€Å"She's not coughing†¦ so it's not strep. Her lymph nodes are okay†¦ but her joints seem swollen. Now, that's weird.† Rosamund was watching him, her green eyes full of fierce trust. Eyes like Eric's, Thea realized. She reached out gently and just touched the guinea pig's soft fur with her fingers. Her mind reached gently, too. Frightened-little-animal thoughts. The guinea pig didn't like being here, wanted the sawdust of her cage, wanted safety. She didn't like the clinical smells, didn't like huge, strange fingers descending from the sky. Home-place, nest-place, she was thinking. And then, something odd. A concept-more smell and taste than picture. Madame Curie was imagining eating something†¦ something crunchy and slightly sharp. Eating and eating and eating. â€Å"Is there some treat she really likes?† Thea asked doubtfully. â€Å"Something like cabbage?† Eric blinked, then straightened up as if he'd gotten an electric shock. His green eyes stared straight into hers. â€Å"That's it! You're brilliant!† â€Å"What's it?† â€Å"What you said. She's got scurvy!† He dashed out of the office and came back with a thick book full of small print. â€Å"Yeah-here it is. Anorexia, lethargy, enlarged limb joints†¦ she's got all the symptoms.† He turned pages feverishly and then said triumphantly, â€Å"All we have to do is give her some of those veggies, or maybe some ascorbic acid in her water.† Scurvy-wasn't that a disease sailors used to get? When they were on long trips with no fresh fruits or vegetables? And ascorbic acid was†¦ â€Å"Vitamin C!† â€Å"Yeah! It's been hot and we've got hard water at our house-all that could deplete the vitamin C in her diet. But it's easy to fix.† Then Eric looked at Thea and shook his head wonderingly. â€Å"I've been studying for years, besides working here, and you just look at the animal and you know. How do you do that?† â€Å"She asked Madame Curie,† Rosamund said flatly. Thea gave her a wary glance. How come this whole family was so observant? â€Å"Ha ha,† she said, her voice light. â€Å"I like you,† Rosamund said, just as flatly as before. â€Å"Now where can I get some cabbage?† â€Å"Go look in the vaccine fridge in back,† Eric said. â€Å"If there isn't any, we can always use vitamin drops.† Rosamund trotted off. Eric watched her, openly fond. â€Å"She's an interesting kid,† Thea said. â€Å"She's sort of a genius. Also the world's smallest militant feminist. She's suing the local Boy Trekkers, you know. They won't let her in, and the Girl Trekkers don't trek. They do macrame.† Thea looked at him. â€Å"And what do you think of that?† â€Å"Me? I drive her to the lawyer's office whenever Mom can't make it. I figure it stops her griping. Besides, she's right.† Simple as that, Thea thought. She watched Eric as he folded the blue blanket, and heard a voice in her mind like the voice of an announcer describing a game-show prize. Now. Look at this guy. He's tender but intense. Brave. Profoundly insightful. Shy but with a wicked sense of humor. He's smart, he's honest, he's an animal lover†¦. He's human. I don't care. She was feeling-well, strange. As if she'd been breathing too much yemonja root. The air seemed sweet and heavy and tingly somehow, as if laced with tropical electricity. â€Å"Eric†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And she found herself touching the back of his hand. He let go of the blanket instantly and turned his hand to close on hers. He wasn't looking at her, though. He was still staring at the office desk. His chest heaved. â€Å"Eric?† â€Å"Sometimes I think if I blink, you'll disappear.† Oh, Eileithyia, Thea thought. Oh, Aphrodite. I'm in terrible trouble. The thing was, it was terrible and wonderful. She felt awkward and tremendously safe at once, scared to death and not scared of anything. And what she wanted was so simple. If he only felt the same, everything would be all right. â€Å"I just can't even imagine life without you anymore, but I'm so afraid you'll go away,† Eric said, still looking fatalistically at the computer on the desk. Then he turned to her. â€Å"Are you mad?† Thea shook her head. Her heart was threatening to leave her body. When she met his eyes it was as if some circuit had closed. They were connected, now, and being pulled together as if Aphrodite herself was gathering them into her arms. And then everything was warm and wonderful. Better than holding the puppy, because Eric could hold her, too. And the thrills of fear that had been shooting through her seemed somehow to burst like fireworks and turn into exhilaration. Her cheek was against Eric's. And she'd never felt anything so blissful before. Eric's cheek was smooth and firm-and she was safe here, loved here. She could rest like this forever. Peace filled her like cool water. They were two birds enfolding each other with their wings. Swans mate for life†¦ and when they see their mate, they know, she thought. That's what happened in the desert. We knew each other; it was as if we each could see the other one's soul. Once you see into someone's soul, you're attached forever. Yeah, and there's a word for it in the Night World, part of her mind said, trying to shatter her peace. The soulmate principle. You're trying to say that your one and only is a human? But Thea couldn't be frightened, not now. She felt insulated from the Night World and the human world both. She and Eric formed their own reality; and it was enough just to stand here and breathe and to feel his breathing, without worrying about the future†¦. A door creaked and a blast of cool air blew in. Thea's eyes were startled open. And then her heart gave a terrible lurch and started thudding painfully. It wasn't the door that Rosamund had gone through. It was the front door, which Eric must have left unlocked. And Blaise was standing there in the waiting room.

buy custom Leadership in the 21st Century essay

buy custom Leadership in the 21st Century essay The traditional leadership style where power flows from top to bottom no longer works in most parts of the world. Consequently, any person who wants to succeed as a leader in the 21st century must adopt modern leadership styles and traits. The 21st c leader possesses a strong acumen, not only for human relations, but also business. Leadership, defined as the process by which a person influences an organized group with a view to accomplishing a predetermined goal, requires one to possess a particular set of requisite skills and knowledge in order to be competent in todays business arena. In the business world, the leaders influence is evaluated through his/her proven consideration of that particular organizations stakeholders and the larger society as well. The 21st century leadership model combines leadership, the human factor and professionalism in a single package. Todays employees possess a strong sense of entrepreneurial spirit, making them more receptive to influence than to power. The 21st century leader must wield a great deal of influence. This has the effect of inspiring people so that they can clear their doubts and be able to follow the lead. Influence also helps a leader to connect well with other people, thereby shaping the way they view their work, workplace as well as the world. The art of influence enables the leader not only to get people do things in his own way, but also make them view things his way. As a 21st century leader, one should possess innovative abilities, ability to execute and be an exemplary role model for his staff. Moreover, to succeed in todays business environment, a new leadership style that has a unique set of relevant skills has to be adopted. The person thatacquires and applies these skills has been dubbed the enlightened warrior. He/she identifies opportunities ahead of the competition and is very receptive to new information. Todays leader is willing to attack, that is, to go against competition and weaknesses, both in himself/herself and the organization. This leader, therefore, shows passion in continuous waging of a constructive war. Rapid changes in the world of technology call for an administrator, who has capability to think creatively. To cope with these trends, CEOs have to be ready for some stretching. They also have to be adaptable to the ever-changing business environment. They have to learn fast and adjust accordingly to make their organizations remain competitive and afloat. To be able to exercise flexibility without causing negative consequences, the 21st century leader has to understand the current situation, not necessarily the one that worked in the past. Different situations need varied treatments. The 21st century leader must have self-awareness. Leaders must look at themselves first. It is only after you understand your own self you can lead a team and later the whole organization. They need to look deeply within themselves and uproot all their negative patterns. After this, they should be able to assess their leadership strengths and weaknesses. They can then decide to exploit their areas of strength and improve on their weak areas. Similarly, they may hire people with strengths that compliment their own. Today, many CEOs unanimously agree that as a 21st century leader, one must have a profound sense of purpose, which is, through influence, supposed to be instilled in the employees. This vision defines the person you are, your concept of the future and the direction iin which you are moving. The knowledge of these characteristics paints a clear image of what the 21st century leader ought to look like. It also provides a basis upon which an individual can evaluate his leadership potential. For instance, it is clear that a leader should possess a great deal of influence to be able to inspire and guide his juniors. Personally, although not on a corporate scale, there have been instances in which I persuaded my fellow students to raise funds for helping the homeless in my home area. It was a success. I am also a visionary individual with a formidable sense of purpose; this counts for one of the vital ingredients of good leadership. The 21st c leader is that kind of a person who is self-aware. He knows who he is, has a vivid vision of where he is headed. Personally, am that kind of a person who is self-aware and from past experiences, I have demonstrated possession of vision and mission. For instance, as the chairman of my classs fundraising group, I proposed a 30% increase i n our cash receipts by the end of the subsequent year to facilitate our mission. At that time, this goal seemed unattainable to many members but, based on my evaluation, I could positively anticipate success. That year, we managed a 38% increase! This means that I am a person who thinks creatively, plans and executes. However, the 21st century leader should be extraordinarily receptive to new information and trends in competition. This is one area I must admit would present a huge barrier for me. This would be so because I understand it requires extensive research and experience, both of which I lack in. I am, however, a fast learner and can adapt to various environmental changes without causing negative consequences. Buy custom Leadership in the 21st Century essay

The skills we learn in school to became a sales pe Essays - Economy

The skills we learn in school to became a sales pe Essays - Economy The skills we learn in school to became a sales person ? A sales person is who sells goods and services to other entities. The amount of sales usually measures the successfulness of a salesperson he can make during a given period and how good that person is in persuading to make a purchase. If a salesperson is employed by a company, in some cases compensation can be decreased or increased based on the amount of goods or services sold. Understand what the buyer wants Sell in a buyer-responsive manner Use psychology to engage the buyer Establish trust with the buyer Communicate succinctly Act on what the customer is saying Demonstrate subject matter expertise Help (as opposed to close) their prospects Tell really compelling stories Are great copywriters Sell effectively over the phone Are socially active with target buyers Personalize their interactions Use a variety of marketing skills Help prospects achieve next steps Are more productive because of sales technology Tie daily activities to quota achievement Manage their pipeline like a portfolio UNDERSTANDING THE BUYER The most important of today's sales skills is simply understanding the buyer. It's the foundation of effective selling. But it involves more than just understanding who the buyer is. As my partner Craig Rosenberg likes to say, "This isn't just about knowing what brand of coffee the buyer drinks". Instead, it's about identifying the experience that the buyer wants to have as they consider making a purchase in your market. You buyer has a set of expectations about that experience and your job as a salesperson is to exceed those expectations. You can't exceed them if you don't understand the experience that the buyer wants to have. BUYER-RESPONSIVE SELLING When a salesperson understands the buyer, they can engage in what's called buyer-responsive selling. The idea here is to provide the buyer with what they want, when they want it. For example, if your buyer needs a trial to evaluate your product but can't allocate more than 30 minutes to it, give them a free trial. But don't just give them any free trial. Give them a free trial that is easy to set up, easy to use, and really demonstrates the value of your product in five minutes or less. One other point - buyers like salespeople who have skills! ESTABLISHING TRUST WITH THE BUYER Buyers like to do business with people they trust. The stereotypical used car salesman just isn't relevant anymore. Good salespeople view their ability to establish trust with the buyer as a core sales skill. Helping the buyer goes a long way in this regard, as does understanding what the buyer wants. CONCISE COMMUNICATIONS Given how busy the average buyer is today, a critical sales skill is to make sure that you communicate succinctly. The days of the silver-tongued, overly verbose salesperson are coming to an end. Buyers value how information is presented more than the information itself. Today, the preferred form of presentation is conciseness. A good rule here is to never try to communicate more than three important points in a single conversation with a buyer. CUSTOMER-DRIVEN RESPONSIVENESS A lot of sales leaders and pundits like to talk about good salespeople are good listeners. We think that goes without saying and that the best salespeople take action based on what they hear from their customer. It's not good enough to just listen. You need to internalize what the buyer just said and then do something about it. SALES SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTISE Salespeople aren't just vacuous portals anymore. They actually need to be subject matter experts in two areas. First, they need to understand the buyer. This involves knowing about the pressing issues that the buyer is facing and what the buyer wants as they work their way to a purchase. Second, salespeople need to know a lot about their own product or service. ALWAYS BE HELPING Buyers don't want to be closed; they want to be helped. That's why always be helping is the new always be closing (we just published a post on Always Be Helping ). ABH is more of a mindset than a skill. A lot of salespeople struggle with this, but you should try to remember it

Sprezzatura - Definition and Examples

Sprezzatura s The rehearsed spontaneity, studied carelessness, and well-practiced naturalness that underlies persuasive discourse. (The opposite of sprezzatura is affectazioneaffectation.) The Italian word sprezzatura was coined by Baldassare Castiglione in The Book of the Courtier (1528): [T]o avoid affectation in every way possible . . . and (to pronounce a new word perhaps) to practice in all things a certain Sprezzatura [nonchalance], so as to conceal all art and make whatever is done or said appear to be without effort and almost without any thought about it. Examples and Observations: Float like a butterfly; sting like a bee.(Muhammed Ali)And all you got to do is act naturally.(Morrison and Russell, Act Naturally)It takes a great deal of experience to become natural.(Willa Cather, interview in the Bookman, 1921)A good style should show no sign of effort. What is written should seem a happy accident.(W. Somerset Maugham, The Summing Up, 1938)Writers are not mere copyists of language; they are polishers, embellishers, perfecters. They spend hours getting the timing rightso that what they write sounds completely unrehearsed.(Louis Menand, Bad Comma. The New Yorker. June 28, 2004)In the presidential debates, everything that the candidates say will have been carefully rehearsed including the ad lib remarks. . . . What a candidate has to do is to memorize the answers to a bunch of questions and know how to look sincere. As a TV producer said, If you can fake sincerity, youve got it made.(Molly Ivins, 1991) Thomas Hardy on Calculated Carelessness The whole secret of a living style and the difference between it and a dead style lies in not having too much stylebeing, in fact, a little careless, or rather seeming to be, here and there. It brings wonderful life into the writing...Otherwise your style is like worn halfpenceall the fresh images rounded off by rubbing, and no crispness or movement at all.It is, of course, simply a carrying into prose the knowledge I have acquired in poetrythat inexact rhymes and rhythms now and then are far more pleasing than correct ones.(Thomas Hardy, notebook entry in 1875, quoted by Norman Page in Art and Aesthetics. The Cambridge Companion to Thomas Hardy, ed. by Dale Kramer. Cambridge University Press, 1999) Cicero on Artful Artlessness When Cicero recommends to the orator a kind of studied nonchalance, he does not mean it as a general rule, to be applied to all types of rhetorical performance; the term appears in the context of a discussion of a specific variety of rhetoric, namely the plain style  ... Castiglione appropriates from Cicero the notion of artful artlessness, as well as its seductive effect: that the audience, finding what it beholds ... is incited to suspect, and desire, the presence of something more than what is actually seen.(David M. Posner, The Performance of Nobility in Early Modern European Literature. Cambridge University Press, 1999) The Inherent Ambiguity of Sprezzatura As dissimulation or artfulness, sprezzatura, like irony, is inherently ambiguous and equivocal. This ambiguity necessarily introduces the question of the audience, for to be successful the courtier must conceal his artfulness, but for it to be appreciated as sprezzatura, his concealment must be perceived.(Victoria Kahn, Humanism and the Resistance to Theory. Rhetoric and Hermeneutics in Our Time: A Reader, ed. by Walter Jost and Michael J. Hyde. Yale University Press, 1997) Rehearsed Spontaneity Being prepared is the key to rehearsed spontaneity in public speaking. Before making a remark, pause and look up like you are searching for something to say. The audience will think you are creating the humor on the spot.   (Scott Friedmann, Public Speaking: Laws of Humor) The Appearance of Effortless Mastery Whether they have designed clothes, written poetry, composed operas, built public squares, painted for popes, hewn marble, or sailed the fathomless seas, many Italians of genius have placed a premium on achieving an appearance of effortless mastery, or sprezzatura, that is attained only by costly, concentrated effort and unremitting labor. In the end, says Giorgio Armani, the most difficult thing to do is the simplest thing.   (Peter DEpiro and Mary Desmond Pinkowish, Sprezzatura: 50 Ways Italian Genius Shaped the World. Random House, 2001) The Gimmick of Straight Talk At the same time that his campaign was beholden to television, [Richard] Nixon was to denounce the medium and other media manipulations. Said the Nixon media strategy guide: [T]he sophisticated candidate, while analyzing his own on-the-air technique as carefully as an old pro studies his swing, will state frequently that there is no place for public relations gimmicks or those show business guys in this campaign.​  (Neal Gabler, Life the Movie: How Entertainment Conquered Reality. Alfred A. Knopf, 1998) Pronunciation: SPRETT-sa-toor-ah or spretts-ah-TOO-rah

Critical Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Critical Analysis - Coursework Example It is for this reason that the new mantra of sustainable event management has begun to become almost inseparable with the planning of most large scale events that intend to leave a positive legacy. INTRODUCTION The holding of special events whether they are sports events, film festivals, music festivals or conferences have become an activity that is integral to modern western culture. As a result events management has become a recognizable discipline of its own. This discipline attempts to address the various planning processes and activities that revolve around the staging of a successful event. As stated earlier any event that is held is likely to have a substantial impact on the community in which it occurs and its ecosystem. This can include: physical infrastructure, environmental impacts, economic impacts, tourism destination impacts, image enhancement, social impacts, cultural impacts, political impacts and urban renewal (The Higher Education Academy, 2007). The impact can be b oth positive and negative and it is entirely possible that one aspect such as physical infrastructure may be positively impacted while another such as the environmental impact may be negative. ... For the purposes of this paper the primary focus will remain on the various environmental impacts of staging an event. The environmental impact is an aspect of events that has traditionally been ignored by organizers along with other potentially negative impacts (The Higher Education Academy, 2007). ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The environmental impact of an event is not something that becomes immediately obvious to the event manager. In fact, the nature and extent of environmental impact may not even be measurable. Generally the environmental impacts of an event can be grouped into positive and negative impacts. Positive impacts may include the raising of environmental awareness, development of waste land and the long-term conservation of an area. Negative impacts can include short-term and long-term damage to the location, pollution created by noise or by littering, congestion caused by traffic and the increase in energy usage caused by the event. It can be said that the majority of the e nvironmental impact is not because of the event itself but rather indirect yet natural occurrences that can be associated with the event. However, any event will undeniably have an environmental impact by virtue of the fact that attendance of the event will have an impact on the environment. For example, reaching the event itself causes the burning of fuel which in turn leads to the production of greenhouse gases that are said to cause climate change (Sawford, 2010). The most obvious of environmental impacts are those which can be measured or can be considered somewhat tangible. As mentioned above the burning of fuel and emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide can be considered as

PREMIER INN (UK) 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

PREMIER INN (UK) 1 - Essay Example Business organisations today have to face a new challenge in their environments which is discontinuous change. This is the new type of change that does not easily fit into a pattern and very often is quite abrupt. This is what Mr. Andy Grove, the former head of Intel, calls as the nightmare moment which is crisis point at which massive change occurs and a firm must adapt quickly or fall by the wayside. In other words, discontinuous change can catch many managers unaware or flat-footed because it is not based from prior experiences or the past history of an industry. This drastic change is usually disruptive as it alters existing industry structures. In this regard, this paper deals with how Premier Inn (UK) is dealing with the changes in the hotel service industry and related industries of leisure, restaurant and tourism. Premier Inn is part of the Whitbread Hotels and Restaurants Division which in turn is a part of the still bigger Whitbread (PLC) Group. Ironically, the Whitbread br and first earned its reputation in the market as a well-regarded brewer but exited this business in 2001 to refocus itself on other revenue-growth areas, namely the restaurant and hotel business. Although it retained its wines and spirits in conjunction with night clubs, the main attention these days is on the hospitality business such that Whitbread achieved a record of sorts when it won the three coveted awards given out by the British Travel Awards (Premier Inn, 2010, p. 1) such as the â€Å"Hotel Chain of the Year†, â€Å"Best Business Hotel Chain† and lastly, â€Å"Best Leisure Hotel Chain† late last year (November 2010). This paper looks at present strategies of the firm and evaluates these. Discussion To have won those three prestigious awards in a short time in its existence is truly one of the great achievements of Premier Inn and successfully challenged long-standing leaders of the hotel industry such as Holiday Inn, Hilton and Marriott. Premier Inn be longs to the budget hotel category but it has been creating its own â€Å"uncontested market space† which professors Chan Kim and Mauborgne term as blue oceans (Harvard Business Review, 2004, p. 77). This is in contrast to the usual corporate strategy based on known market spaces (or red oceans) in today's overcrowded industries with clearly defined boundaries and well-known competitive rules of the game in order to survive. The essence of the blue ocean strategy is based on a new concept of rendering the competition irrelevant by changing the rules of the game, specifically by achieving cost savings while at the same time boosting the value-for-money proposition. Within the context of this blue ocean strategy, Premier Inn is trying to duplicate what Singapore Airlines (SIA) achieved in the highly-competitive airlines industry. In particular, SIA has cost-effective operations that are even lower than most American or European budget airlines (Heracleous & Wirtz, 2010, p. 145) . Singapore Airlines has pursued two seemingly atypical and incongruous objectives deemed by most management experts as incompatible which are differentiation and cost leadership. This two-pronged or dual strategy was thought even by Prof. Michael E. Porter as eventually unsustainable in the long term because these entail contradictory investments, processes and objectives (ibid.) but SIA has proven experts otherwise. This is the same strategy being pursued now by Premier Inn. Moreover, while the company tries to achieve these twin aims, it must also contend with its avowed new corporate responsibility of pursuing environmental sustainability in the way it uses the Earth’s resources while gunning for increased market share and profitability for its stakeholders and employees. Premier Inn wants to alter the rules of competition in its

Cammunication Channels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cammunication Channels - Essay Example Communication channels refer to modes of transfer of information from a sender to a receiver. Some examples of communication channels are face-to-face communication, telephone, meetings, and letters. This paper explores communication cases to determine the most appropriate communication channel for each case. Situation 1 A company’s competitor has acquired it and 15 percent of its employees will be laid off in the next three months. Best communication channel The best communication channel for the case is the use of internal memo that is selected on the following criteria. Formality Poor feedback potential Poor interpersonal warmth It is economical Justification A memo formal and develops a general perception of an organization’s official position because any employee who reads it knows that it is a communication from the organization’s authority. The legal scope of the case also requires formal communication to facilitate implementation of the acquisition. Anoth er reason the channel is its poor feedback potential. While the case requires immediate delivery, any form of feedback is not necessary and should be discouraged because they do not add value to the adopted position. Adopting a channel with a poor feedback capacity such as a memo would therefore benefit the organization’s management (Robbins and Coulter, 2007). The nature of the message, being a bad message to the employees, also requires a communication channel that is generally associated with unfriendly types of information. Memos, for instance, is poor on â€Å"interpersonal warmth† and this prepares the recipient of the possibility of some bad news (Robbins and Coulter, 2007, p. 295). This is therefore beneficial to recipients who are emotionally unstable as it allows them to prepare and adjust before receiving the exact news. Memo would also be suitable because of its relatively low cost that makes it economical to the management (Robbins and Coulter, 2007). Situ ation 2 A customer has sent an email to complain about an employee. Investigations have proved validity of the customer’s claim and the issue must be communicated to the employee. Best communication channel The best communication channel is face-to-face communication and is selected based on the following criteria. Efficient room for feedback Confidentiality Ease of encoding It is friendly Justification Face-to-face communication has efficient feedback ability and therefore allows for the employee’s response to the customer’s complaint. This is because in as much as the claim is believed to be true, a good decision making or conflict resolution requires hearing both parties to a case. Confidentiality of the communication channel that leads to protection of human resource factors such as the employee’s motivation and confidence in work also makes face-to-face communication the best channel. This is because the case could have been an isolated instance of a mistake and a personal approach would identify the mistake to the employee without causing embarrassments. The ease of encoding information in the communication channel will also ensure that the employee understand the concern and will lead to corrective measures. The involved friendliness of face-to-face communication also has a positive effect of offering leadership to the employee who may need training and guidance in the course of duty (Robbins and Coulter, 2007; Guffey and Loewy, 2012). Situation 3 The company’s founder, who is popular among members of the organization, has died of a chronic disease and information about his death needs to be communicated to the members. Best communication channel Group meeting of all members of the organization would be the best communication channel as illustrated by the following criteria. Involved time Cost Instant feedback Ease of encoding Justification The ability of group meetings to deliver a message instantly ensures delivery o f the message as soon as possible. This is because its limited time constraint makes it suitable for the situation that

Effect of sound on oyster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effect of sound on oyster - Essay Example sts $15,000 $10,000 $10,000 $35,000 Total Direct Costs $72,498 $62,064 $64,130 $198,692 Indirect Costs (Overhead) $18,849 $16,137 $16,674 $51,660 Indirect Cost Rate (%) 26% 26% 26% 26% Total $91,347 $78,201 $80,804 $250,352 Budget justification Senior personnel and fringe benefits The PI is involved in three other projects of equal work load which implies that this particular project consumes 25% of his time. The result is that the project takes care of 25% of his annual income. A post doctoral research associate is contracted to provide services and technical advice on the growth characteristics of oyster and oyster eggs. He is expected to do an evaluation of the proceedings once every month. Since he is attached at the center, he is paid on service offered which results into twelve days in one year. The post doctoral research associate is therefore paid for twelve days as a fraction of a year depending on the annual income of the first, second and third years which are $37,000, $39 ,000 and $41,000 respectively. Two undergraduate students are required to set the experimental set ups and make necessary corrections depending on the emerging changes. They also maintain the system and ensure the preset conditions prevail (Preparing a budget: expert solutions to everyday challenges, 2009). The work of collecting and recording the information in terms of changes in mass and doing the statistical analysis is also for the two undergraduate students. This gives an annual pay of $10,500 each and translates to the annual $21,000 for both. The fringe benefits are calculated for the PI and the two undergraduate students who seem to be contracted on permanent or regular basis. The post doctoral research associate only provides his service once a month and is therefore not entitled to fringe benefits. For the PI, it is calculated as 27.5% of the salary while for the two undergraduate students, it is calculated as 7.65%. Supplies and services An amount to the tune of $20,000 is requested to take care of some of the materials such as seeds of oyster, food and special sound devices to be used in the aquarium (Ogden, & Goldberg, 2002). In the first year, the cost is estimated at $10,000 since some of the requirements are onetime costs and will only be incurred in the initial stages. The subsequent years are allocated $5,000 each for provision of the maintenance requirement for the project. The costs incurred here include all the consumables and disposable during the project (Hood & Husband, 2002). Travel For year 1, the PI requests $2,000 to take care of travel expenses as he seeks to use the ABC center for the study. The travel expense will also include collaborative travel expenses to set up and run the system for all the other participants including the undergraduate assistants and the post-doctoral research associate (Blomquist & Newey, 1999). During the second year, the cost decreases to $1,500 as there are reduced travel cost

Developing Students Accuracy and Automation in Subtraction Math Facts Essay

Developing Students Accuracy and Automation in Subtraction Math Facts to 100 - Essay Example to get the remainder zero we have to subtract 3 repeatedly from 15 and it's subsequent remainders. The logic is plain and simple, such fundamental knowledge doesn't make the student stereotyped and he can innovate and conclude the real life problems in a better manner. The less the students minimize their dependency on calculators, the better equipped they find themselves with faster calculations. A quick way to estimate the difference between numbers is to round each number and then subtract the rounded numbers. This probably won't be the exact answer but it may be close enough for some purposes. An estimate can sometimes be improved. If the sum of 645-450 were estimated, we would round 645 to 600 and 450 to 500. The estimate would be 600-500 or 100. One number was rounded down and the other was rounded up. The number 645 was rounded down by 45 and 450 was rounded up by 50. Adding 45+50 gives 95, which rounds to 100. Therefore, a better estimate would be 200. The actual difference is 195. Moreover, the students should make it a habit to calculate their bills, subtract the discounted price and to find out the remaining balance on their own. This will sharpen their skills. Nothing can be more blissful than Self- automation. Source citatio

In what ways have relations between China and Japan developed since Essay

In what ways have relations between China and Japan developed since 1949 - Essay Example However, the most notable facet in their relationship is their strategic involvement in the administration of their Asia Pacific multilateral cooperation, and more largely those of East Asia as a whole. Thus, the aim of this paper is to evaluate ways in which the relations between China and Japan have developed since 1949. From early 1940s, China has continuously expressed its displeasure in every actions that it perceived Japan was trying to chart an autonomous role for itself (Sutter, 2012, p. 175). China also harbored a mixed view of Japan being a potential threat, while at the same time Japan being a host to a huge US military presence aimed at countering China influence and push. Such apprehensions o led China to sign treaties aimed at countering Japan, such as the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship with the intention of defending it against any perceived Japanese invasion (Sutter, 2012, p. 271). From 1949 all through to end of 1950s, China formulated policies that sought to sway Japan through trade, in what was referred to as people’s diplomacy (Sutter, 2012, p. 4). Such engagements were conducted in conjunction with establishing acquaintances with Japan opposition political organizations, coupled with the exertion of pressure on Japan to sever ties with Taiwan. Hence, relations between Chi na and Japan deteriorated during late 1950s, especially, when Chinese mounted their pressure. However, following the collapse of Sino-Soviet relations, economic inevitability resulted in China communist government to reassess and rejuvenate its trade relations with Japan (Jian & Drew, 2009, ch 4). During the 1960 in what became the Cultural Revolution, China-Japan relations declined again due to Japan increasingly strength and self-rule from US (Saunders, 2008, p. 128). The communist government became concerned that, Japan will eventually re-militarize, so as to compensate for US condensed military presence across Asia under President Richard Nixon policies.

Developing Students Accuracy and Automation in Subtraction Math Facts Essay

Developing Students Accuracy and Automation in Subtraction Math Facts to 100 - Essay Example to get the remainder zero we have to subtract 3 repeatedly from 15 and it's subsequent remainders. The logic is plain and simple, such fundamental knowledge doesn't make the student stereotyped and he can innovate and conclude the real life problems in a better manner. The less the students minimize their dependency on calculators, the better equipped they find themselves with faster calculations. A quick way to estimate the difference between numbers is to round each number and then subtract the rounded numbers. This probably won't be the exact answer but it may be close enough for some purposes. An estimate can sometimes be improved. If the sum of 645-450 were estimated, we would round 645 to 600 and 450 to 500. The estimate would be 600-500 or 100. One number was rounded down and the other was rounded up. The number 645 was rounded down by 45 and 450 was rounded up by 50. Adding 45+50 gives 95, which rounds to 100. Therefore, a better estimate would be 200. The actual difference is 195. Moreover, the students should make it a habit to calculate their bills, subtract the discounted price and to find out the remaining balance on their own. This will sharpen their skills. Nothing can be more blissful than Self- automation. Source citatio

Overcoming Obstacles as a Teacher in the Modern Day Essay Example for Free

Overcoming Obstacles as a Teacher in the Modern Day Essay The teaching profession has always been a highly esteemed and revered occupation due to the fact that educators impart knowledge into the minds of every single individual throughout the population, whether the student decides to be a doctor, engineer, mechanic, politician or artist in adulthood, the foundation of their learning has came from a highly dedicated and resourceful educator. However, when examining this occupation in greater detail it can be observed that there are countless obstacles that effective teachers face every day. It is common knowledge that children have a short attention span and their teacher has the role of planning lessons, which engage the learner and guarantee that the lesson is one that interacts with the student and encourages them to be involved. They also must be aware of different methods to implement that will see the child remembering the material and retaining the information that the teacher is presenting for the future lessons. When teaching in the classroom, educators must be prepared when confronted with children showing ill desired and disruptive behaviours. It is the method in which the teacher reacts to these behaviours that will pave the way for the remainder of the year, if the teacher reacts in the correct manner and demonstrates to the child the expectations within the classroom then it can be anticipated that the student will understand what is and isn’t acceptable, a certain challenge. Attention is where learning begins and therefore attracting and upholding student attention is paramount (Curtindale, Laurie-Rose, Bennett Murphy, 2007). Attention capacity and duration is limited for every individual, this needs to be acknowledged in the classroom and strategies need to be formed to prevent students from neglecting important information in class. Learners find it particularly difficult and their attention easily shifts from one stimulus to another, caused by not only distractions from other students but also from outside the classroom. When students find it difficult to concentrate this can negatively impact not only their own learning but also the learning of others. Therefore, teachers must control and provide an environment that engages and holds students attention whilst teaching imperative material. Eggen (2010) states that effective teachers plan their lessons so students attend to what is being taught and ignore irrelevant stimuli. They must ensure that their lesson will be one that learners can actively be involved in and interact with, not just submissively require students to listen to what is needing to be taught, but experience it. Teachers may employ a variety of strategies to do this, from demonstrations to discrepant events and thought provoking questions. Another fundamental approach that creates an environment of achieving ones attention is calling on students by name. This guarantees that learners are aware that the teacher will not only call on the class as a whole but may call on them individually, by name, resulting in a need to be attentive. Chapin, O’Connor and Anderson (2009) make an interesting point however that as teachers we need to be mindful when calling on students to participate and remind them of their right to pass or ask for more time before answering in the classroom. The obligation to participate in a classroom does not equate to an obligation to give answers on demand† (Chapin et al. , 2009). When teachers practice these strategies for holding their learners attention and ensure that they are apart of the teaching not just observing it, the likelihood of the student’s memory retaining the material is also greatly increased. Another obstacle faced by teachers in the classroom is that of their learners retaining the material taught throughout the term, from one lesson to another. If any student in the class is having difficulty remembering the previous lesson, they have a high risk of falling behind in their learning and development, which can then lead to troubling behaviour. There are certain aspects of memory retention that must be understood and practiced in the classroom for students to achieve learning targets and overcome this impediment. These techniques are employed to take knowledge from a child’s working memory and encode it to be stored within their long term memory, ensuring that they are then able to recall this understanding and build upon it in future lessons. Schema activation is one such encoding strategy that involves activating prior knowledge so that new knowledge can be connected to it (Eggen 2010). One of the most effective ways of activating a student’s prior knowledge is through conducting reviews of the previous lesson before embarking on the new learning material. This ensures that the students form conceptual connections between what they have already learnt in the past and the material that they are about to be taught. Another effective method of encoding is material organisation, where related items of content are athered into categories that assist in illustrating the relationships between them. This can take the form of charts, models, outlines and hierarchies, which are all examples of organization systems. With the connections easily observable and the information well organized, the student is then able to retrieve this knowledge more easily, as stated by Ormrod (2006, pg190), Long-term memory retrieval is the process of â€Å"remembering previously stored information and â€Å"finding† it in memory†. If strategies are put in place by the educator in the classroom, the students will experience a greater retention of material and a greater ease at â€Å"finding† stored information from past lessons, also making certain that they are less likely to be disruptive and display adverse behavior, an obstacle that all teachers desire to prevent if possible. Classrooms are busy and often hectic places in which groups of students vary in interests and abilities must be organized and directed, in ways that maximize education and minimize disruptions. It is imperative that the teacher responsible for each class is equipped with knowledge and strategies that can be implemented when faced with undesirable behaviour from students. First and foremost, a teacher must show withitness within the classroom, they must notice the behavior of all students and respond quickly to unexpected events. The students will be much less likely to attempt negative behaviour knowing that the teacher is aware of every action and movement that occurs and the knowledge that there is a consequence, either positive or negative for every action. When faced with ill desired behaviour from a student, the teacher must first establish whether the student is going to take responsibility for their actions and if not, implement behavioral interventions – either reinforcement or punishment to ensure that the student understands that there are consequences for adverse behaviour. One approach that would create a rational response to the student’s behaviour would be to implement a negative reinforcement – for example, by taking away 5 minutes of the students free art time on Friday afternoon, whilst the rest of the class, has their full 30 minutes. Alternatively the teacher may use their judgment and decide to implement an effective form of punishment for the student instead. This may be a simple timeout for the misbehaving child or a more severe detention during their lunch break or after class. Regardless of the tactic that the teacher decides to use with this misbehaving student, once the student understands that there are consequences for poor behaviour, the probability of this behaviour continuing is scarce. Children that act in this manner and misbehave in class often look to their role model for discipline and in many situations their teacher may be their only adult role model in their life and therefore it is imperative that these situations are handled appropriately. In conclusion, it can be observed that there are many challenges that a teacher must overcome in their normal day-to-day occupation, with a majority of them that go unseen to the general public. Initially they must obtain the student’s attention and curiosity and then maintain it throughout the class, whilst having lessons planned around engaging the students and allowing them to experience what is being taught. They then must ensure that the pupil is being taught in a way that will ensure their long term memory to guarantee that they will remember the material and therefore build upon it in future lessons. Teachers must also be equipped with strategies and techniques to overcome ill desired behaviour from students in a way that creates an understanding of the expectations and classroom rules. Fortunately there are many teachers and educators that have gone before and paved the way for the future graduates, they have been willing to share their ideas, examples and methodology in regards to what they have found that has been successful and what has not. Techniques such as calling students by name to gain their attention, organizing new learning material in such a way that makes it easier for the students to retrieve it from their memory and implementing reinforcements in place of harsh punishment for students that are testing the boundaries within the classroom. This knowledge and experience from other mentors in the industry guarantees that the classroom of the future is not only a brighter place to be but also a well informed one.

Introduction of human resource development process

Introduction of human resource development process Human resource Management is, perhaps, the oldest and most widely researched subject in management. Yet, as technologies change, cultural diversities occur and peoples expectations undergo fundamental shifts towards newer and newer dimensions. In this rapid revolutionary changing environment, human resource development, a part of human resource management plays an important factor in determine an organizations success. Human Resource Development is important to any growing business organization because it helps to improve business performance through the development of personnel, and, directing and enhancing talents and skills through planned activities design to improve organizational learning. Ronald R. Sims (2007) described Human Resource Development as strategically-driven activities designed to improved current and future learning, performance, and change (p 2). Sims pointed out that in the early 1980s; the field of personnel management shifted its emphasis as personnel departments renamed themselves à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¹Ã…“human resource department. Although this change in some instances was a scheme, Sims pointed out that in many cases, The change in language marked a subtle shift, from a function that essentially handled staffing and related administrative activities to a function that focused on the development of people as a resource to the organization (2007, p. 2). 2) The Human Resource Development Process In the information base economy, human capital can be an organizations greatest asset or it can also be its greatest liability. However not being the physical assets but the intellecture assets within employees. A companys human capital asset is the collective sum of the attributes, life experience, knowledge, inventiveness, energy, and enthusiasm that its people choose to invest in their work and that are the reasons human resources development is so crucial to a companys success. The human resource development process has traditionally focused on improving the skills, knowledge, and attitudes of the individuals. Due to this, confirmation of success has primarily been made by measuring individuals satisfaction with events and, to lesser extent, to the learning that has occurred. Although at some point HRD activities has been viewed as an optional and sometimes wasteful activity by decision makers but according to Jack Phillips and Elwood Holton (1997), majority of this business decision makers view HRD as a value added activity; something that is potentially worth doing ; and HRD as a major business process; something an organization do to succeed (p. 1). As the worlds economy contentiously dominated by instability and change, while the disturbance and corporate transformations in the vast industry, the growth and productivity afforded through information technology, and the increasing turnover among successful and failed business ventures as well as the political, economic and social turmoil confounded business development planners, the HRD plays an important role to examine business opportunities, and determine the key performance requirements of new business objectives, and position highly competent people within state-of the-art work system to achieve those objectives. Phillips and Holton contend, Strategic development and utilization of employee expertise is now imperative for organizations trying to create new opportunities for growth (1997, p. 2) Phillips and Holton emphasized that the process of development and deployment of employee expertise are important components of HRD function. They stated that as organization condition s compel the reshaping of approach, workforce competence and flexibility at all levels of the organization, become vital to business success, in the midst of strategy formulation, planners and decision makers, HRD understanding and expertise are in a critical position to examine and determine business opportunities and performance requirements. The HRD process then is the HRD function of training, enhancing employees skills, deploying competent workforce towards the companys competitive advantage, and positioning of company strategy towards competitive advantage through appraising performance and aligning company strategy towards this objective. It is also included in this process the critical examination of the business opportunities and determining key performance of new business objectives. In other words, the HRD process are also the company strategy towards its competitive advantage and this involve the training or career development, to organize skills enhancement and development training, the organizational development, to conduct research new business opportunities and orientation on performance requirements, and performance appraisers, for the evaluation of employee performance. This performance evaluation is important in creating motivation and instilling loyalty among the employee towards the company. A systematic training and development approach is a methodology for managing training programs to ensure a comprehensive training process in 3 typical phrases; Assessment phrase where the training objectives are identify and decision makers to determine when training will occur and who will be involve. Activity phrase is the phrase of designing and implementing training package upon the establishment of the training objective. Evaluation phrase where employees are evaluate if the training are being value-adding. It is only essential to the organization if employees are being value-adding to them after training and have a more positive turnover. If the entire process is not value-adding at all to the organization and have little or non return of investment to the organization, it is being regard as an excess overhead that will be axed off in no time. Through the use of the systematic approach to training, practitioners ensure that relevant skills are identified, proper learning methods are used, and that employees can perform work as expected when they are assigned to work. 3) The importance of Human resource development and its Process HRD and its process are important because they are in powerful position to assist in and measure strategic organization results such as performance outcomes and return on investment. Phillips and Holton noted that HRD practitioners also provide strategic capability by assisting in the translation of strategies into more consistent behaviours and the realignment of work process (1997, p. 3). HRD professional are expert at facilitating and directing process level organization change, allowing for the translation of strategic direction into new and improved ways of accomplishing the organizations work. Because of this expertise, HRD has become important in the positioning of the companies strategy towards competitive advantage not only of the business strategy but also the employees competitiveness. HRD is also involved in the strategy formation, which requires that organization value human capital as an ingredient for the organizations long-term success. According to Monica Lee (2003), HRD as a process has the potential of harmonizing, supporting, and shaping the larger systems (p. 27). Monica Lee pointed out Swansons (2001) systems theory to HRD which argues that the system worldview model of HRD as a process with in the organization. Leonard David Goodstein, Timothy Nolan, and J. William Pferffer (1993) stressed that in addition to serving as a champion for strategic planning HRD professional play the stakeholder in the planning process. They pointed out as stake holder, the HRD professional has the important responsibility of linking the organizations over all strategic plans to its human resources (1993, p. 76). This job according to them requires the HRD professional to understand the nature of the overall strategic planning and should be aware that strategic planning is the process through which the senior management of the organization clarifies what it intends the organization to become and what its goals are, both financial and non-financial matters. Thi s process requires a high degree of problem solving skills and the HRD professional are expected to be a model for such skills. 4) Advantages of HRD to the Organization Catherine M. Sleezer Tim I Wentling, and Roger L. Cude (2002) noted that HRD has become strategically integrated in the organization (p. 11). They pointed out that training has become a cote value for organization, and manager view employees education, training, and development as critical to organizational success. The importance of HRD in business organization is reflected by the fact that today, team building activities, and skills enhancing and leadership training and the human resource is viewed as important in the companys strategy towards competitive advantage. John P. Wilson stressed that today business environment requires that HRD not only supports the business strategies or organizations, but that assumes a pivotal role in the shaping of business strategy (1999, p. 12). Wilson pointed out that HRD serves a strategic role by assuring the competence of employees to meet the organizations present performance demands. Wilson adds, HRD also serves a vital role in shaping strate gy and enabling organizations to take full advantage of emergent business strategies (1999, p. 12). 6) Advantages of HRD to the employees The advantage of the HRD to the employees is that HRD provides training through instructor-led classrooms. Catherine M Sleezer, wintling, and Cude noted that HRD is rooted in training and development, organizational development, and career development to improve individual, group, and organizational effectiveness (2002, p. 2). Thomas N. Garavan, Pat Costine, and Noreen Heraty (2002), viewed human resource as decision-making employees, and this, they point out, is increasingly significant factor as the influence of more sophisticated technology is leading to a reduced demand for manual employees and an increase for decision making employees (p. 17). Thus, there are views that stress on development of people as a company investment. Garavan, Costine, and Heraty contends that this view suggest that investment in human resource development will automatically lead to improve business performance (2002, p. 28). The advantage to the employee of HRD aside from the trainings and development the HRD is providing is that it serves as the agency for promotion and incentive to performance and productivity of the employees performance as they are evaluated and appraised for necessary action. The HRD also provides the opportunity for employees to develop their talents and lay down the path for career development. (7) Problems that affect the human resource development Human resource development depends upon various factors of standard of living. One of these factors is the social problems. Education, housing, and health care are the top issues in the social problems. These factors According to Qureshi M.U. affect human resources, natural resources, and technological resources (p. 221). Qureshi M.U. (2005) emphasized that education develops human resource while better health provisions contribute to his health maintenance. Housing and social services meets the individuals needs. Another factor affecting human resource development will be the morality of employees. Perhaps the issue here is the workers grievances and injustice they suffered from employers. These grievances maybe caused by inconsistent treatment of workers, discrimination, or salary related matters. Milan Kubr (2002) suggested the need of consultant to address the mechanics of grievance procedure or other conflict resolution procedures (p. 402). In this way, the problem of legal changes can be addressed practically. Laurie Larwood and Urs E. Gattiker (1999) pointed out that technological change affects the supervisory jobs, staffing and development needs (p. 19). From the statement, the need of training for current and prospective employees is proven to be essential in order to pace up with the rapid tempo of technological changes today. 8) Improving organizations Ronald Sims (2007) pointed out that HRD is concerned to support employees within the organization to perform at their highest level so that the entire organization can perform at its highest level. There are two ways that the HRD can help the organization; first, the HRD must support the work done in the organization and provide human resource development at the place it is needed and at the tome it is needed. Second, Support the work to be done in the future by creating learning infrastructure that will help employees and the organization learn and grow and change in line with environmental demands. In other words, HRD professional must, as Sims advice, must identify critical workforce and must design initiatives that help the employees develop their skills to improve their performance. Sims point out that organization needs employees that are multi-skilled/reskilled knowledge workers who can effectively work in teams in as increasingly global world. 9) Conclusion HRD is important in business organization because they are professional whose expertise is in developing the human resource. Today, more and more companies are recognizing human resource as a human capital in business. They invest on their development and provide corresponding incentives to their efficiency. Indeed despite of the advance of technology, still it cannot be a substitute to human expertise because technology merely depends on the skills of the decision-making employee. Because of the importance of the human resource, I recommend that business organization should look into the welfare of the employee and offer opportunity for social developments such as providing housing loan, educational assistance to immediate family members or any other applicable benefits. All this should be undertaken by the HRD as they are more connected to the employees. I also recommend that business organization empower HRD to handle employees grievances injustice against their superior to verif y the matter and submit report to the personnel manager or to the appropriate authority. In this way, the organization can avoid unfair labor treatment at the same time giving solution to social, legal, and changing technological problem that may arise. The success of any organization is determined by its people, their caliber and their attitude to succeed and out perform. Employees are the only resource, which is capable of self-propulsion and value addition. Unlike any machinery that gets devalued or depreciated with time and age, the human resource i.e. people appreciates with age and experience. So they are very special but this fruitful only if people are developed and kept satisfied. It is unlikely that any improvement can be made in terms of production, productivity, and quality or customer service until people are well developed.

Henery Ford Essay -- essays research papers

Henry Ford was a genius in many aspects of our everyday life. He changed industry, production, and everybody's lifestyle. Many people know about him inventing some of the first automobiles, but what came out of it for America was a new encouragement for technology and an easier lifestyle for the average American replacing the popular railroad system. Also Henry Ford has changed the perspective of industries around the world. His invention of the assembly line and his five-dollar a day wage for the average worker brought about a total new change in factories. Ford's style and ingenuity helped America to be more prosperous and created a large amount of opulence for America in the early 1900's, all because of one man's creativity and determination to achieve a dream that would help out the common man and the entire world. Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863, on a farm a few miles from Detroit. As a boy Henry was very creative and liked to work with tools. However, he hated doing chores and he always wanted to make things easier to do in life. This would be Henry's motto in life, always wanted to make things easier to do in life, at home or work. Ford was so creative that in 1893, he built his first engine and in 1896, he completed what he called the quadricycle, which ran for several years and sold it for $200. Ford had his second car finished in 1898 which was lighter and stronger than most cars around then. Soon enough many automobile companies were looking for somebody like Ford to help get their company going. However, Ford would go into automobile racing and then build his own car company. Ford's years in automobile racing was his way to improve the car and a chance to test it under competition. Soon though, he would get out of racing by a tough minded and ambitious James Couzens, who developed plans for a car company. Couzens was able to start out the company with $28,000 in cash, and $21,000 in notes. The Ford Motor Company came out with the model A, the model B, and the model K in their beginning years. However, most of these cars were too expensive for the common man. So Ford decided that he would make a car that was affordable to the ordinary worker. For a few years, Ford and his technicians began building their next and most important car in history. In 1908, Ford brought out for the first time the Model T. It was an ugly car, seven feet high w... ... narrowly defeated. In 1936 he and his son Edsel established the Ford Foundation, to which they bequeathed much of the company's stock. Henry Ford became a victim of his own success in that he clung to the Model T too long, refusing to recognize that its popularity was fading, and consequently lost first place in the automobile industry to General Motors in 1926. He had turned the presidency of the Ford Motor Company over to Edsel in 1919 but never gave Edsel effective authority. Edsel struggled vainly against this situation, and the frustrations of his position undoubtedly contributed to his death at the age of 50. Edsel's oldest son was released from the navy and made an executive vice-president. Unlike his father, who had not been allowed to go to college, Henry II attended Yale University. Henry Ford II recruited talent from outside the company and effected a sweeping reorganization. The company secured firm control of second place in the American automobile industry. In the 1960s it expanded into electronics and astronautics by purchasing the Philco Corporation, and Henry Ford II was regarded as an industrial statesman. He retired from his top company posts in 1979 and 1980.

Platos The Allegory of the Cave Essay -- Plato Allegory Cave Essays

Plato's The Allegory of the Cave In Plato’s â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave,† he suggests that there are two different forms of vision, a â€Å"mind’s eye† and a â€Å"bodily eye.† The â€Å"bodily eye† is a metaphor for the senses. While inside the cave, the prisoners function only with this eye. The â€Å"mind’s eye† is a higher level of thinking, and is mobilized only when the prisoner is released into the outside world. This eye does not exist within the cave; it only exists in the real, perfect world. The â€Å"bodily eye† relies on sensory perceptions about the world in order to determine what is reality. Metaphorically speaking, the cave is a physical world filled with imperfect images. This world is filled with distorted images about reality. Inside the cave, the prisoners believe that the shadows they see on the wall are actual reality. Their â€Å"bodily eye† tells them that this world is real because their senses perceive so. Plato suggests that the senses do not perceive actual truth. The â€Å"mind’s eye† is not active inside the cave because the prisoners are imprisoned in this distorted world, which they believe is reality. When one prisoner is pulled out of the cave and into the light, it is this sudden freedom that starts the gradual process of enlightenment. This sudden freedom opens the â€Å"mind’s eye†. The prisoner â€Å"will be able to see the sun, and not mere reflections of him in the water, but he will see him in his own proper place, and not in another; and he will contemplate him as h...