Motivation & Leadership Journal Assignment

Journal Assignment What kind of work do you do? Subject is part owner to a computer T1/T2 provider. How long have you been doing it? Subject has being working there for 17 years. Can you describe a typical work day? Subject states that she is on the board and that she overlooks board’s requirements, check incoming and outgoing contracts, mediator, and she sets up all the rules and regulations for the cooperation. Why did you end up doing this work? What kind of person often does this sort of work? (And would they consider themselves typical? Subject stated that she wanted to do this because she wanted to start her own business so that they could help financially stabilize friends, family members, and partners. The sort of person who often does this sort of work is an A typical person who is controlling and strives to have more out of life than what is typical. What do you like about this work? Subject states that she likes the diversity which is incorporated through dealing wi th other companies and also the staff at the company. What is difficult about this work?The difficulty is how people bond to easily which brings their personal life into their work life and how they are not able to separate friendship and work relationship. This open doors to issues like sexual harassment, misconduct, and theft. How do (customers, others in the company†¦ ) treat you? What do they think about the job you do? [Adapt this question to fit your particular interview–try to get at how they think they are treated based on their work. ] Subject states that others are afraid of her and extremely intimidated. Subject states that they do not want the job that she does but they enjoy working for the company.How does being a (fill in the blank with a salient cultural category: man, older person, African-American, 20-something, etc. ) play into the work you do? Subject states that initially there were barrier because of the stuffy suits that could not with having a wom an in charge. There was open defiance, rudeness, and vulgarity. Subject states that she fired member’s board due to their insubordination. Has this work changed the way you think about yourself, about the world? Subject states that she has the ability to separate her work life and personal life.Subject states that she is now a cold, calculating, malicious, and deviant individual due to the desire to have more money and more business for the company as whole. Subject states that personally she is a caring, loving individual but as far as the world goes she believes that there are too many lazy individuals that don’t want to take responsibility for ensuring that task are completed. Subject feels that everyone wants a handout and does not want to earn their livelihood. What are some cultural values that are important to you (can be family, work, or interpersonal)?Do you think these are similar to or different from mainstream American culture? Please explain your ideas. Su bject states that the business world is so much more complicated and unsympathetic to race, religion, politics, and sexuality. Subject states that they really don’t care about cultural values as long as you can perform your job. She also stated that in the business world they are aesthetic creatures who use whatever means necessary to get to the next level. She believes that this is very different from mainstream American culture, almost to the point of being anti-social.What do you like best about American culture? What do you like least? (Even if the person is American, they will have an opinion about this question that gives you some insight about how they view things from their perspective. ) Subjects like the fact that the American culture has a huge melting pot of candidates who are brilliant and talented in the profession that they choose. Due to this fact when the company is in need of candidates with a specific talent it is easier to find a candidate who fits the mol d for that position. AnalysisThink about your interview, the person, and their work. Please consider these questions as you write your journal assignment: What aspects of this person's work determine or indicate their status relative to others? The subjects work environment is one which a wealth of knowledge is extremely necessary in order to be successful. The subject is in the process of completing 4 doctorate degrees. Due to the fact that she is head of the board of directors she is looked up to by her subordinates and is expected to be knowledgeable in all areas of the company.She is a bit anti-social yet still remains professional and approachable to the lowest ranking individual at the company. What are some of the connections between this person's work experience and gender, race, age, and /or ethnicity (etc. )? The actual subject was of Cherokee Indian heritage and this heritage seemed to be at the center of how the subject intertwines her work and still remains true to her culture and tribe. Most of the subject’s knowledge is in large part of how she was raised on the reservation coupled with her age which helps to emphasize the important of maturity when making sound decisions.What kinds of attitudes, values, and behaviors does this person's work culture encourage? The attitudes, values, and behaviors that are displayed at their work culture is that of an air of self-motivation. The individual employee is held accountable for their own success or failure. Excuses are unacceptable. Their also seems to be a nonchalant attitude about their employees values. From what I gleaned from the interview what you believe in does not matter to the employee as long as you are doing your job to the best of your ability.What attitudes and values, held by this person, were similar to your own, and which were different? The attitudes and values of the subject were much in line with mine. The subject believes in receiving reward for hard work done and if you do not do the work you do not receive compensation. I did not like the fact that the subject refused to consider the cultural needs of the employee. I believe this may cause problems for them later on down the line. From this interview, what can give us insight into communicating across cultures or across work cultures?In my opinion communicating across cultures or work cultures takes a combined effort. Everyone in the company has to be open to the idea of using their talents which may have manifested due to elements from that individuals culture. Communication is not a one-sided instrument. In order for it to be effective the employer has to take steps to ensure that there are open lines of communication no matter what an employee’s background may be. In the end I believe that organizations only conform to the idea of culture because they are forced to.

Lord of the Flies †Human’s Evil Inside Essay

Lord of the Files by William Goldings is about a number of boys being stranded on an unknown island without any adult authority figure. The boys have to learn how to survive, awakening a hidden urge buried inside humanity. â€Å"The theme is an attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature† (background). While society grows and advances, the more civilized humanity is. Because the boys are trapped on an island with little society, they begin to show evidence of humanity’s inborn capacity for evil. When a cat plays with a mouse, it really does not do any harm to it. The cat is just having fun, while the mouse is scared out of its mind. Finally, when the cat gets hungry, it eats the mouse, putting it out of its misery (doc C). The cat does not fully understand what it feels like to be hunted. It is just listening to an inner voice, not knowing what it actually means, it just knows it is having fun and playing around with a smaller victim. In the novel, Jack is always putting Piggy down by calling him names such as fatty. He never listens to Piggy’s intelligent suggestions or reasons. Jack bullies Piggy just because Piggy seems like the smaller victim because he’s fat and insecure about himself. Jack does this because he is turning more savage and is listening to his inner evil. With the more technology man has, the more civilized man is (picture). In the early years of mankind, man had to use physical and pure brute strength to obtain food. Nowadays, mankind has learned to domesticate animals and kill them in a more efficient way. When mankind had to use pure brute strength they were very savage. Unlike today, where mankind is more civilized because killing of animals is not as common. For example, in Lord of the Files, the boys have to use brute strength to get their food because they do not have grown ups to do it for them. The boys having to kill animals means they are losing their civilization. Once mankind starts to lose its civilization, it forgets society and what matters. Mankind begins killing for entertainment (doc D). It begins to look for excuses to kill. While all of this is happening, mankind doesn’t know it is getting more and more savage. Jack, one of the best hunters on the island, realizes he enjoys killing living creatures when he kills his first pig. The boys believe there is a beast on the island, but the beast is not bothering them. While Ralph holds an assembly to say they should ignore the beast, if there is one, while Jack is saying they should kill the beast. When it is clear to the boys there is not beast, they being to realize the beast was in all of them. The deaths of Jewish families in the first Richard’s time were due to them being locked in a tower that was to be set on fire (doc C). The people who killed the families clearly underestimated death, thinking they can kill off Jews for no lagitament reason. Even though they are just young boys, the deaths of Simon and Piggy should have had more effect on them. There is something inside of them that said it was okay, that everything is going to be alright. While running away from jack and his group, Ralph runs into a naval officer. When the naval officer asks him if anyone died, he did not realize how horrible the deaths are until he sees the officer’s reaction. Ralph begins to cry and the rest of the boys join in, realizing how naive they are, listening to their inner evil. Indeed the boys are displaying evidence of humanity’s inner evil. The theme of the whole novel is to show humanity’s ability to ennate evil and Goldings does this by showing characteristics of savagery in Jack. He also shows the opposite characteristics, civilization, in Ralph. By doing this, Goldings was able to show how fast humanity’s inner evil can appear in a more savage person then a civilized person. Also, throughout this novel, he is able to prove humanity’s innate capacity for evil.

People, Forests and Forestry Extra Credit Paper Essay

People, Forests and Forestry Extra Credit Paper - Essay Example In 2005, a total of 734 million hectares or 19% of the world’s forest can be found in Asia. But due to the problematic effects of deforestation and invasion of human activities in the forest, the highest rate of decline in forest area can be found in the Southeast Asia, which is 2.8 million hectares every year (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2007). The study conducted is focused on one of the six countries with the highest decline in forest area which is the Philippines. It ranks fourth to Indonesia, Myanmar and Cambodia, the problematic areas in Southeast Asia with regards to deforestation (FAO UN, 2007). The Philippines is recognized as one of the countries in Southeast Asia to have great primary forests but due to the deforestation activities, significant percentage of the country’s forested areas had been denuded. For this matter, a study on the present state of the forests in the Philippines is the main focus of the research conducted. The immediate solution is required in the issues related to deforestation in the Philippines due to the continuous effects that can be observed in the state of the land, the livelihood and the biodiversity of the country. Based on the results of forest area studies, from 1995 to 2005 one third of the forest cover had been denuded (Butler, 2009). The country is even known to be included in the group of Southeast Asian countries with the highest deforestation rate as shown in Figure 1. The forest cover of the Philippines is 24% of the total land area which is equivalent to 7,162,000 hectares. Of the said forest area 829,000 hectares are classified as primary forest which is equivalent to 2.8% of the total forest area (Butler, 2009). In terms of the deforestation rates, in the period from 1995-2005 the rate of decrease of forested area in the Philippines is 2%. From 2000-2005 the update is that the

Anishinabee social movment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Anishinabee social movment - Research Paper Example For instance, Japanese immigrants were deported from the country as soon as the war ended. Blacks, women and especially the aboriginals faced racial discrimination from white settlers. The Indian Act, which was enacted in 1876, ensured that the government would control all lands belonging to the natives. It also aimed at assimilating Indians into western culture and abolishing their own customs. However, after serious coercing from Indian movements, the act was changed in favor of the natives in 1951. Key customs and cultural ceremonies that had been banned, such as pow-wow and potlatches, were reenacted. The natives, for the first time were allowed to own and drink alcohol; though the drinking was restricted to Indian reserves. By this time majority of Indians were still not allowed to vote. The few who enjoyed the benefits of voting were the enfranchised Indians, who were completely assimilated into the western culture. (Canada in the Making, n.d.) However, this rule was also abolished in 1960 when non-enfranchised Indians were allowed to vote in federal elections. Though it seemed that Indians were headed for the right direction, they were denied the right to govern themselves. Another blow came when Pierre Trudeaus came to power in 1968. Issuing a White Paper, he openly opposed treaty negotiations with the aboriginals. Furthermore, his government clashed with the natives on the land rights. As a result, they responded to him with a document dubbed Citizen Plus in 1970, later known as the Red Paper. Backed by a delegation of aboriginals and other Canadian citizens, the paper opposed all policies of the new regime. Eventually, the government accepted their radical proposals. (Canada in the making, n.d.) At the onset of the ‘70s, there were rapid reforms that uplifted several discriminatory laws affecting aboriginals. For instance, in 1969 Joseph Drybones was convicted for drinking outside the reserves. He fought the case up

Consuming Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Consuming Fashion - Essay Example The essay "Consuming Fashion" discovers the fashion consuming. The lifestyle of the baby boomers is unique, they like saving less and consuming more of what they get. In other words, the spending power of the baby boomer generation is considerable compared to the other generation. Baby boomers choice and spending on fashion in the future are largely influenced by their demographics, psychographic and their lifestyle behavior. Retailers have more opportunities in relation to the baby boomer generation, because they are high consumers than the other generations. Baby boomers (post-war baby boomers) were born between 1945 and 1954, and they have brought considerable social change in Britain especially in the consumption area. Macunovich 2000 (1) defines baby boomers as those individuals born between the years 1946 and 1964 in the United States. The group has come under intense scrutiny because of the public perceptions that they will put more pressure on financial and public services. T hey are also under intense scrutiny because they are thought to be a radical and liberal generation who are transforming everything in the society that comes their way. Baby boomers generation is considered to be the first teenagers; this is because they represent the affluent consumer society. Baby boomers are very diverse in nature\, and since they have some degree of experiences in social change, they differ greatly on education, class, and wealth. The status of their education views them as boomers.

Case Analysis.Sustainable Development Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Analysis.Sustainable Development - Case Study Example It also helps in suggesting best business practices on various issues on variety of platforms like government, non government and inter-governmental organizations (WBSCD, 2013c). The main objectives of the association are as follows: To be one of the leading business that advocate on matters like sustainable development To actively participate in policy development and in development of the right kind of framework that helps in making an effective contribution in sustainable human progress To develop and promote the business case for sustainable development To demonstrate the business contributions to the development of sustainable business solutions and sharing the knowledge among the members (WBSCD, 2013d). To contribute towards a sustainable future for developing nations The association helps in bringing the forward thinking companies together that help in reshaping the global business community and in creating a sustainable future for society, business and environment. ... It helps the management of various companies to lay emphasis on the societal and environmental concerns in the business interactions and decisions taken by the stakeholders. CSR is in response to the various kinds of civil society and consumer pressure. The main focus of WBCSD is to ensure that the CSR model has been implemented by various organizations that will help in taking managerial decisions ethically (WBSCD, 2013e). The main focus of the organization is to ensure that the companies are aware about the benefits, applications and awareness of the CSR model. WBCSD ensures that the CSR assists the small and medium enterprises in developing countries in promoting environmental awareness and also achieve their organizational goals. Promotion of CSR concept among small and medium enterprise requires several approaches that complements the business capacity and needs and do not have an adverse impact of the business decisions taken by the management. Various techniques like Triple Bo ttom Line theory and other CSR based programme have proven to be instrumental in meeting social and environmental needs without compromising their competiveness. Company Profile: Saipem Saipem is regarded as one of the largest oil and gas companies in the entire oil and gas industry. It is one of the leading companies in engineering, construction and drilling. The company enjoys a superior position in the offshore and onshore oil industry by completion of successful technological projects. Saipem is regarded as one of the global contractor companies with a strong presence in Middle East, Asia, West Africa, North Africa, FSU and Central Asia. It has a strong presence in the European region and the major part

African Americans Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

African Americans - Term Paper Example Harriet Tubman was a strong African-American woman born in servitude. Both of her parents toiled as slaves in Maryland. During her development, she endured a harsh life as she was subjected to whipping from a tender age. When she entered into adulthood, she realized that she could be sold as a slave as it was a norm at that time (Siebert, & Hart, 2006). Therefore, in 1849 she decided to escape to Philadelphia with the assistance of an abolitionist. During that period, there were few white people who were against slavery and they helped to free slaves. Harriet was handed a note by her abolitionist neighbor that contained two names that would direct her to a safe place. Harriet was joined by other blacks and went to Subversive Railroad, which were houses. After her escape, she met with other abolitionists whom they planned on how to free other slaves who were left behind. Due to her resilient in fighting slavery, Harriet became the leading abolitionist before the civil war (Lillian, n.d.). The particular event by Harriet was significant in America as it showed her resilience to free other slaves. Her character also gave hope to slaves as they felt that they had a person to fight for them and also keep them safe. In 1877, America witnessed the first person of color ever to graduate in the military academy in the country’s history. Henry Ossian, who was born in slavery, made history by being the first person of color to graduate from West point. During his years in the academy, he never had any contact with a white cadet. The Academy was the preliminary military school to be established in the US. The primary reason the military school was built was to educate and train young men theory and practice of military science. Before Henry was admitted to the military school, there was another black American named James Webster. Although, James was admitted to the military school he never graduated. However, Henry endured all

Low Cost Strategies of QuickFlight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Low Cost Strategies of QuickFlight - Essay Example QuickFlight has no formal HR department and any room for staff development and training; this is something that the organization should look into, considering the increase in size will need an integration of forces. The expertise from Gone can help the organization streamline a strategic HR policy, including the personnel from QuickFlight as well to ensure proper representation of all stakeholders. To solve this problem, the organization should practice effective communication strategies in the company. In times of change management, effective communication plays a vital role in the success of the changing processes. Proper information dissemination to all stakeholders, equal intake for solutions from them would help the policy makers to gain knowledge from the valuable expertise of the Human Capital. In order to capitalize on the diverse features of both the organizations, the human resource should be encouraged to work in teams and work their way out of problems. Job rotation is an other management development that helps to train employees and provide them with exposure to the entire organization. All these activities will introduce a high sense of commitment in the employees towards the newly formed organization and will help fill the gap between the two cultures (Raymond, 2000). Â  With the addition of call center labor in the organization, the company should embark on formal training procedures to train the employees to boost their sales through call center bookings. Training and development in this area are bound to help the employees boost the sales; also, recognition for the hard work that they put in is important. Clearly, compensation that is being awarded can work as an incentive, along with recognition. Therefore, to reduce turnover and boost sales, the company should introduce a basic pay for all, adding performance-based rewards, depending on the sales that the personnel makes.

Corporate Problem Solving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corporate Problem Solving - Essay Example Can anything be done about the wide variety and large amount of information that comes to many corporate planners on a daily basis' Most corporate planners get so much information that they can hardly manage their workloads. Yet, to make the business a success, they must make effective and throughough decisions, using up-to-date information (Hansen, 1995). As John Naisbitt pointed out on the first page of his best-seller Megatrends, "Although we continue to think we live in an industrial society, we have in fact changed to an economy based on the creation and distribution of information." (Thierauf, 1987). This "megashift" as defined by Naisbitt is "an explosive transformation from an industrial to an information society." (Thierauf, 1987). This shift is affecting all companies around the world, and especially in the United States. Therefore, to help problem-solving issues in business, the corporate planning should actually be focusing on problem finding: "future information in the form of problems and related opportunities should be evaluated and resolved in the present as it affects the business organization tomorrow." (Thierauf, 1987). What are some things that the business can do to help make this change and thus solve this problem' Two items need to taken into consideration when analyzing this issue and solving the information overload problem affecting many businesses. First, a change in environmental factors would help contribute to the defeat of the problem(Mitchell, 1954). Corporate planning is at the center of a business organization's decision making process and therefore the corporate planners contribute to the business' future on an almost daily basis(Hansen, 1995). Therefore, the organization needs to coordinate its notion with the outside business world. This means that the business needs to take a close look at the markets and always keep the information about the markets in mind when making decisions. This means taking a close look at how: "the organization operates, current knowledge of its customers and competitors, availability of capital, capabilities of available personnel, and sources of supply . Increasing prices of purchased materials, rising labor costs, and foreign competition signal the need for some type of management information system (MIS) that describes the organization's economic environment and coordinates the external environment with the internal factors to provide corporate planning information." (Thierauf, 1987). The next important item that can assist the business with this problem solving issue is to change internal environmental factors as well. The business needs to address changes that are happening and will happen in the future, and that are affecting the entire business world. Today, this revolves increasingly around technology, as businesses are expected to stay on the cutting edge of technology and technological trends. For most organizations, the hope of making an initial investment in technology creates the hopeful end result of saving money. In the business world, the old slogan is still the rule: "Time is money." Therefore, if the initial problem is time, as stated before, then the business could use certain types of technologies to help organized and cut back on the workload. While this would require an initial investment on the part of the company, it would also provide a

Contributing factors toward SWB of the Institutionalized Elderly Essay Example for Free

Contributing factors toward SWB of the Institutionalized Elderly Essay Apart from delineating the cognitive and affective indicators of SWB, this study also attempted to identify the possible factors which contribute to SWB. A host of factors were identified in the largely western literature. These are presented in the succeeding pages. Physical Health: Health is one of the most important variables in predicting whether people are happy (Campbell et al. , 1976). The World Health Organization defines health as, the optimal functioning of the human organism to meet biological, psychological, ethical and spiritual needs (Emeth Greenhut, 1991). In this study the elderly were said to have ‘optimal functioning’ when he or she had basic competence, which was necessary for maintenance of independent living (Martin, 2001). In the case of the elderly in the study it was denoted by their ability for personal care on their own. It also pertained to mental health, which was a state where the elderly were not prone to depression, or other mental illness, and did not have any major cognitive impairments. Autonomy: Autonomy could be equated to having the capacity for selfdetermination, independence, internal locus of control, and internal regulation of behavior (Ryff, 1989). Having a sense of being in control (autonomy) means that one’s thoughts and actions are one’s own and not determined by others. It is related to physical health too as it gives a sense of mastery over situations. It is important for all and particularly for the elderly to maintain that sense of control or autonomy because a sense of losing control of one’s life or one’s power is to in some ways lose one’s worth, which can have detrimental effect on one’s physical as well as psychological health. Money/Income: Income or money is importantly related to a sense of well-being in old age (Diener, 1984) and the elderly in the study may or may not enjoy financial security Money is important probably because of the sense of security that they experience when they have enough money which could implicitly affect their sense of autonomy and self-worth. Family Relationships: Family is a natural institution constant across time and space which is a very close and intimate group and one’s sense of well-being is sustained by membership in this primary group, as it provides a sense of security, connectedness, and belongingness to the aged. There are no substitutes for the close relationship in the experience of well-being in the case of the aged. In the case of the elderly in the study, family relationship is limited to this intimate group consisting of the spouse, children and grandchildren as the extended family is almost nonexistent in the given context. Friendship: Friendship or close relationship with members of the same age group often sharing personal characteristics, life styles, values and experiences is a source of enjoyment, socializing, and reminiscing the past; promote a higher satisfaction among the older adults (Sorensen Pinquart, 2000). In the given situation it could be long standing friends from the past, and or the friendship developed among the co-residents of the home. Social Support and Social Interest: To experience a sense of well-being persons should have deep feeling of sympathy, and affection for human beings (social interest/altruism). That is, their ability to go beyond the personal to interpersonal establishing deep, profound interpersonal relationships and social support, to transpersonal, which is relating to the Divine in the social context of one’s life. These play a significant role in maintaining their psychological, social, and physical integrity over time (Witmer Sweeny, 1992) and consequently the sense well-being. Attitude toward Death: Death can be understood as a natural process of transition from one stage of life to another. Depending on the meaning people attach to death, they fear death or embrace it as a natural transition with a sense of acceptance and surrender (Atchley, 1997). Accepting old age and death meaningfully makes life happier. Fear or acceptance of death is closely related to general satisfaction. According to (Moberg, 2001), when life is lived to the full, death becomes a fulfillment, a completion. Religion and Spirituality: Subjective aspects of religion and spirituality include religious identification, religious attitudes, values, beliefs, knowledge, and mystical/religious experiences. Religious experience provides a sense of meaning and purpose in daily life (Polner, 1989). Spirituality usually refers to a unique, personally meaningful experience of a transcendent dimension that is associated with wholeness and wellness (Westgate, 1996). Spiritual wellness is the dimension that permits the integration of one’s spirituality with the other dimensions of life, thus maximizing the potential for growth and self-actualization (Westgate, 1996). At this point of SWB research, there is already an idea of the variables which correlate with SWB. However, a better understanding of parameters that influences the relationships, the directions of influences between variables, and the different influences interact are still needed (Diener, 1984). Given the assumption that these features are deep cross-cultural, universally applicable, core characteristic features of well being sought by the aged, the researcher believed that the institutionalized care for the aged and their subjective sense of well-being is also context specific. An understanding of psychological well-being necessarily rely upon the moral visions that are culturally embedded and frequently culture specific (Christopher, 1999). In this context, one might ask how the institutionalized aged of Gladys Spellman experience the transition from mathru-pithru devobhava (mother and father are like gods) to institutionalized care, what their experience of the subjective well-being consisted in, and what might be the specific factors that would contribute to their sense of well being. It is possible that the western culture-specific factors of subjective well-being outlined above may not have the same relevance for the population under investigation. This study was expected to help understand the contextspecific aspects of well-being of the institutionalized aged.

Social Care Assessment for Child With Disabilities

Social Care Assessment for Child With Disabilities Social Work with Children and families Response to a letter from the GP of Amita Kaur, the mother of Gurnam. As a student social worker in a local authority Children with Disability team you will undertake an assessment in relation to Gurnam and his family. This report lays out the proposed method of assessment for Amita Kaur (DOB: 2.3.75) and her family of three children. The approach taken towards the assessment of Gurnam and his family draws from contemporary publications of professionals working in the fields of mental health, learning disabilities, education, and social service provision. The initial assessment of Ms Kaur’s health already made by her G.P stated that Ms Kaur has been ‘in a state of some considerable distress’ and that it was the opinion of her G.P that ‘she is quite worn out as a result of having to cope with substantial family responsibilities and pressures for a long period of time.’ As Ms Kaur is showing symptoms of depression, coupled with her own expression of concern that she was unable to maintain an adequate level of support for her children I propose that some form of social support is offered to help the family for the foreseeable future. I suggest that in order to ascertain the extent of Ms Kaur’s difficulties, and before I suggest any means of intervention, I would like to hear Ms Kaur’s opinion of her and her family’s situation. As highlighted by Gallimore et al (1999, p. 56) it is necessary for social services professionals â€Å"†¦ to regard families as partners to be empowered as active co-decision-makers rather than as cases to be managed†. The impact of parental mental-health problems on their children has already been well-established by research (Rutter Quinton 1984; Beardslee et al. 1998; Stallard et al. 2004. In Slack and Webber (2007). That Ms Kaur is experiencing feelings of vulnerability and concern for her children is an important consideration when considering the type of service to be offered. It is important that the family recognise that social services are here to offer support based upon informed cooperative decisions made between ourselves and themselves, and that we are here to constructively assess them. In our assessment it is important to consider the family as a whole; a working dynamic that has, up until now, been successful. As research suggests, family-centred services for young children with disabilities have promoted a ‘strength-based approach in promoting positive family functioning (Dunst, Trivette, Deal, 1988, 1 994; Powell, Batsche, Ferro, Fox, Dunlap, 1997; Weissbourd Kagan, 1989. In Lesar, (1998), p.263). This approach highlights the strengths in families that they can build on and that ‘the familys strengths, including the social networks and informal supports already available to and within the family, should be the foundation upon which new supports are designed or provided’ (Dunst et al., 1994. In Lesar, 1998, p.263). Through using family strengths as ‘building blocks and tools, the family becomes even stronger and more capable of supporting the well-being of individual family members and the family unit (Trivette, Dunst, Deal, Hamby, Sexton, 1994. Ibid). It is thus the aim of this assessment to work towards providing a program of support that can help to re-establish this working equilibrium between the family members, within the varying contexts of their home, working, and education environments. The extent of provision for the children’s disabilities while they are at home needs to be looked into, and the fact that the children are having negative experiences at school is something that also needs to be investigated further. These experiences could be related to independent stressors such as emotional changes in the individual children, or a change in their school environment and/or they could be directly associated to the stress being felt by Ms Kaur in their domestic environment. As suggested by Glidden, (1993, p.482), â€Å"†¦a family with a child who has a disability is a family with a disability. Glidden adds that in assessing the problems faced by such families, it is important to understand and distinguish between demands and stress exacerbating and causing situations (Glidden, 1993). The situation faced by Amita and her family entails a situation that has been building slowly, but steadily, over a period of time, and now represents a point that is beyo nd her control in terms of mental, financial, and time control. The long-term stress and demands of her situation, along with increased personal care have prompted the situation whereby her doctor has intervened with the Children’s Directorate Children with Disability Team. Gallimore et al (1999, p. 57) refer to this sort of situation as arising from â€Å"†¦the emotional costs of daily demands and strains†, and that the need for a sustainable daily routine that has manageable long term solutions for helping to reduce the sources of the problems is a paramount objective to the intervention of social services (Hansen, 1993). Throughout the assessment process we will do everything within our capabilities to reassure Ms Kaur that any intervention will be minimal and will aim to cause as little disruption to the family dynamic as possible. As research has suggested the influence of social support on families of children with disabilities is closely associated with: Better, more cohesive family adaptation (Bristol, 1983) A decrease in the number of out-of-home placements (Cole Meyer, 1989; Ger- man Maisto, 1982) greater maternal life satisfaction (Crnic, Greenberg, Ragozin, Robinson, Basham, 1983) Lowering of maternal stress levels (Kazak Mar- vin, 1984) Better parent-child interaction (Dunst, Trivette, Cross, 1986). (In Marcenko and Meyers (1991), p.186). It is thus our aim to offer a service of provision that will improve the family’s quality of life through measures which are constructive, supportive, and reliable. An efficient and prompt assessment process is essential as early intervention, can, in some cases, be crucial in avoiding the onset of more serious problems, which negatively affect parenting capacity and cause family life to ‘escalate into crisis or abuse.’ (D.O.H, 2000: p.xi). The government document â€Å"Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families† (Department of Health, 2000) has put forth a systematic guidance for the assessment of needs through analysis and recording of what has been and is happening in the household, as well as to the children. This document is written in close association with â€Å"The Children Act 1989†. The latter document states that: A child shall be taken to be in need if – a. he is unlikely to achieve or maintain or to have the opportunity of achieving or  maintaining, a reasonable standard of health or development without the  provision for him of services by a local authority †¦ b. his health or development is likely to be significantly impaired, or further  impaired, without the provision for him of such services; or c. he is disabled (Children Act 1989 s17(10). In DoH, 2000: 6) Considering that the family’s GP has already expressed concern about the children’s performance at school it is clear that the children’s needs meet the criteria as outlined in parts a-c of the Children’s Act 1989. Under that Act, the welfare of children is set forth under a series of requirements, regulations, and laws. Under Part V Protection of Children – practice guidance suggests that child assessment orders should allow for differing techniques to be employed to see to the needs of children based upon application by their family, the child, and or agencies. As Ms Kaur’s GP has expressed concerns for the children’s performance at school I think it appropriate that a joint assessment be undertaken by a staff member of the school and by a child support worker who together can make an informed and unbiased assessment of the children’s behaviour and performance at school. As highlighted by the DoH (2000:p.6) professionals from different agencies, especially from health and education, are ‘a key source of referral to social services departments of children who are, or may be, in need [..] they will be key in assisting social services departments to carry out their assessment functions under the Children Act 1989.’ Information from the school could be very helpful in the overall assessment and plan for service provision. I would also recommend that a leading professional who works full time with disabled children be called in to undertake an informal assessment of Gurnam. These reports should then be submitte d to the head of our department where they will be jointly discussed and used to inform our agency’s plan for services. Ms Gaur’s son Manjit, has been described by the family’s GP as ‘a cause for concern.’ The situation is described as follows: ‘He has a heart condition which has been successfully treated with surgery but which needs to be monitored on an out-patient basis. He has also been assessed as having some learning disabilities. While Amita is very satisfied with the educational programme that the school has been put in place for him, she is concerned that he has been bullied by other children for some considerable time. This has resulted in him being distressed and reluctant to go to school recently.’ The Special Education Needs and Disability Act (2001) suggests that it is the responsibility of the governing education institutional to make sure that the child is not placed at a disadvantage within the schooling system (Part 2). As Ms Akur is satisfied with the actual programme in place for Manjit there is no immediate cause for concern that he is experiencing discrimination. However, from the information given it appears that the physical problems which Manjit is experiencing is causing additional stress possibly arising from the negative attitudes of his peers towards him. Ms Kaur should be advised to approach the school about this problem, with an accompanying letter from her GP if necessary. As suggested by Sally Beveridge in her discussion concerning schools and special education needs, there will arise certain cases where a pupil will not be able to fully participate due to their having a restrictive impairment, and it is necessary that teachers know as much about children with SEN as possible before teaching them (Beveridge: 1999, 39). Therefore we would advise that the school make individual assessments of Manjit and of Gurnam possibly discussing the outcomes and proposals for action with us. The assessment plan will be agreed between all children and their mother. For the planning of children’s services it is necessary to recognise how problems can be interlinked, and that ‘everyone benefits if services are properly co-ordinated and integrated.’ (DoH, 2000:1). It is also the aim of Children’s Services Planning (Department of Health and Department for Education and Employment,1996. In DoH 2000: 1) to ‘identify the broad range and level of need in an area and to develop corporate, inter-agency, community based plans of action to provide the most effective network of services within the resources available.’ (Ibid). When assessing Ms Kaur and her family we must therefore consider the nature and availability of resources in their local area and how they can be best matched with the needs of the family. As outlined by the Doh (2000) service users sometimes report that they find assessment procedures to be ‘repetitive and uninformed by previous work.’ (p.7). However, having outlined a clear and co hesive framework for this assessment I am confident that Ms Kaur and her family will receive an efficient and constructive assessment by our team; one that will provide a fully comprehensive proposal for service provision that will suit their individual needs and their needs as a family. Bibliography Beveridge, S., 1999, Special Educational Needs in Schools. London: Routledge Department for Children, Schools and Families (2008) Common Assessment Framework. Retrieved on 11 February 2008 from http://www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/deliveringservices/caf/ Department of Health (2000) Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families. Stationary Office, Department of Health, London, United Kingdom [online]. Available from:  http://www.doh.gov.uk/quality.htm  [Accessed 17/07/08] Gallimore, R., Bernheimer, L., MacMilan, D., Speece, D., Vaughn, S. (1999) Developmental Perspectives on Children with High-Incidence Disabilities. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Mahwah, N.J., United States Glidden, L. (1993) what we do not know about families with children who have developmental disabilities: Questionnaire on resources and stress as a case study. Vol. 97. American Journal on Mental Retardation Hansen, D. (1993) The child in family and school: Agency and the workings of time. In Cowan, P., Field, D., Hansen, D., Skolnick, A., Swanson, G. Family, self, and society: Toward a new agenda for family research. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, N.J., United States Hardcastle, D.A; Powers, P.R; and Wenocur, S, (2004). Community Practice: Theories and Skills for Social Workers. Oxford: Oxford University Press Lesar, S., ‘Parental Coping Strategies and Strengths in Families of Young Children with Disabilities.’ Family Relations, Vol. 47, No. 3, (Jul., 1998), pp. 263-268 National Council on Family Relations Office of Public Sector Information (2008) Children Act 1989. Retrieved on 11 February 2008  from http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1989/Ukpga_19890041_en_1.htm Marcenko, M.O, and Meyers, J.C, (1991), ‘Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities: Who Shares the Burden?’ Family Relations, Vol. 40, No. 2, (Apr., 1991), pp. 186-190. National Council on Family Relations Pardeck, J.T, (1999), Family Health: A Holistic Approach to Social Work Practice. Westport, CT: Auburn House Sheppard, M., (1991), Mental Health Work in the Community: Theory and Practice in Social Work and Community Psychiatric Nursing. London: Falmer Press Slack, K, and Webber, M, ‘Do we care? Adult mental health professionals’ attitudes towards supporting service users’ children.’ Child and Family Social Work . London: Blackwells (2007) 13, pp 72–79 Starfield B. Primary care: balancing health needs, services and technology. New  York: Oxford University Press; 1998. Special Education Needs and Disability Act (2001). Available from:  http://www.opsi.gov.uk/Acts/acts2001/ukpga_20010010_en_3  [Accessed 16/07/08] Umbarger, G., Stowe, M., Turnbull III, H. (2005) The Core Concepts of Health Policy Affecting Families Who Have Children with Disabilities. Vol. 15. Journal of Disability Studies

Free Essay: Tim OBriens Things They Carried :: Things They Carried Essays

The Things They Carried Vietnam War was one of the hardest wars ever fought. There are several reasons for this statement. It was basically impossible to conquer the territory because there were no boundaries. The soldiers had to put up with the climate, land, diseases and most importantly themselves. This essay is about yet another reason: the relationship between the soldiers and the officers. It is very reasonable to say that American soldiers entering the Vietnam were not disciplined enough. The average age of a soldier in Vietnam was eighteen. Nobody found it necessary to train these kids to handle all the problems they run into. The service ruined their late childhood and they had to grow up early! If anything went wrong, they would simply blame the officer in charge. Tim O'Brien illustrated this nicely in his story In The Field. Lieutenant Jimmy Cross felt guilty for Kiowa's death. He blamed himself for not thinking about his troops even though he did what he was supposed to do. Couple of soldiers were pissed off about Kiowa's death. They blamed it all on Lieutenant even though they knew it was not his fault. Then they let their emotions out and the situation turned to be out of control. O'Brien describes it syntactically. He is trying to persuade us that all the soldiers knew Jimmy was not guilty, but some soldiers just had to blam e it on somebody. " 'Some lieutenant,' Sanders said. 'Camps us in a toilet. Man don't know shit.' 'Nobody knew,' Bowker said. 'Maybe so, maybe not. Ten billion places we could've set up last night, the man picks a latrine.' ...'It wasn't the LT's fault,' Bowker said quietly. 'Whose then?' 'Nobody's. Nobody knew till afterward.' " (180). This entire incident was by far the toughest on Jimmy Cross. He had to deal with himself and his corrupt soldiers. He was emotionally shook up with Kiowa's death and he did not appreciate Mitchell's reaction. Accidents like this one lead to a distant relationship between the officer and the soldiers. Soldiers usually protest and officers have to punish them. This of course leads to more violence and some of the outcomes can be deadly.

History of the Computer :: Technology

History of the Computer The Analytical and Difference Engines (1835-1869): The English mathematician Charles Babbage (1792-1871) never got to build his invention, but his design had an uncanny resemblance to the modern computer. Ada Lovelace, Lord Byron's daughter, wrote eloquently about the device and was history's first programmer. The ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer) (1938): John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry designed the first electronic digital computer at Iowa State, and urged the university to patent their design. Nothing was ever done and millions in potential royalties were lost. The project was abandoned in 1942 without building the computer. The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) (1946): was built at the University of Pennsylvania by John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. Recognized as the first operational electronic computer, it could perform 5,000 additions per second, weighed 30 tons, and required 1,500 square feet of floor space. UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer) (1951): The world's first commercial computer (a total of 15 were sold) gained public recognition when it was used by CBS to predict Eisenhower's 1952 presidential election. The original UNIVAC was officially retired on October 3, 1963, after 73,000 hours of operation, and is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution. The IBM 360 (1964): The 360 series pioneered the concept of upward compatibility whereby a user could upgrade from one computer to the next without having to reprogram existing applications. The machine was viewed as an enormous financial gamble, but paid off handsomely as it gave IBM a dominance in mainframes which it has never relinquished. Altair 8800 (1975): The January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics featured the Altair 8800 on its cover: the first personal computer and a machine that the hobbyist could build from a kit. 2000 adventurous readers sent in their orders (sight unseen) for a kit that cost $439. The Altair had no keyboard or monitor and no available software and was programmed by switches on the front panel. Apple II (1977): The Apple Il was a fully assembled home computer in an attractive case, complete with keyboard, connection to a TV screen, color, memory to 64Kb, and BASIC interpreter. The machine was to launch the personal computer revolution and vault its founders, Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, from garage to glory. IBM PC (1981): IBM was neither first nor technologically innovative, but their announcement put the personal computer on the desks of America's business people, just as Apple had put the computer in the home. History of the Computer :: Technology History of the Computer The Analytical and Difference Engines (1835-1869): The English mathematician Charles Babbage (1792-1871) never got to build his invention, but his design had an uncanny resemblance to the modern computer. Ada Lovelace, Lord Byron's daughter, wrote eloquently about the device and was history's first programmer. The ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer) (1938): John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry designed the first electronic digital computer at Iowa State, and urged the university to patent their design. Nothing was ever done and millions in potential royalties were lost. The project was abandoned in 1942 without building the computer. The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) (1946): was built at the University of Pennsylvania by John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. Recognized as the first operational electronic computer, it could perform 5,000 additions per second, weighed 30 tons, and required 1,500 square feet of floor space. UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer) (1951): The world's first commercial computer (a total of 15 were sold) gained public recognition when it was used by CBS to predict Eisenhower's 1952 presidential election. The original UNIVAC was officially retired on October 3, 1963, after 73,000 hours of operation, and is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution. The IBM 360 (1964): The 360 series pioneered the concept of upward compatibility whereby a user could upgrade from one computer to the next without having to reprogram existing applications. The machine was viewed as an enormous financial gamble, but paid off handsomely as it gave IBM a dominance in mainframes which it has never relinquished. Altair 8800 (1975): The January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics featured the Altair 8800 on its cover: the first personal computer and a machine that the hobbyist could build from a kit. 2000 adventurous readers sent in their orders (sight unseen) for a kit that cost $439. The Altair had no keyboard or monitor and no available software and was programmed by switches on the front panel. Apple II (1977): The Apple Il was a fully assembled home computer in an attractive case, complete with keyboard, connection to a TV screen, color, memory to 64Kb, and BASIC interpreter. The machine was to launch the personal computer revolution and vault its founders, Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, from garage to glory. IBM PC (1981): IBM was neither first nor technologically innovative, but their announcement put the personal computer on the desks of America's business people, just as Apple had put the computer in the home.

How to build a computer Essay

Every fully functioning computer is made of the same basic components and here I’ll walk through the basic hardware you’ll need for your first build. There are several components a computer. However, it’s important to first understand what each component does. The processor (CPU) is like the brain of a computer, the thing that carries out the tasks you give it. Better CPUs can perform more tasks at once, and perform them faster. Not everyone takes full advantage of their processor’s full speed, so the high-end processers are only really needed if you’re performing intensive things like gaming or video editing. It’s also one of the most expensive parts of a computer, so if you aren’t doing these types of things, you don’t need to buy the latest and greatest. Another expensive part is the motherboard connects all the other components to each other, and is the physical base that you build everything else onto. It contains a lot of your machine’s core features, like the number of USB ports, the number of expansion cards you can put in (like video, sound, and Wi-Fi), and also determines how big your computer will be. The motherboard you buy will depend on the type of user you are. The case holds all of your computer’s parts together. For the most part, a case is less about features that affect how your computer runs and more about features that affect you and your home. Still, it’s an important consideration that is dependent on your other choices, so you might want to think about everything before buying one. Make sure the case buy will hold motherboard. RAM, or Random Access Memory, is like your computer’s short-term memory. It stores data your computer needs quick access to help your programs run faster, and help you run more programs at one time. That basically means the more you want to do at once the more RAM you’ll need. The graphics card, or GPU, is a processor designed to handle graphics. It’s what you hook your monitor up to, and it’s what draws your desktop and your windows on the screen. Some motherboards come with a GPU already integrated, which is enough to manage your desktop, but not enough for watching high definition video or playing games. Your hard drives are what store all of your data, ranging from your operating system to your documents, music, and movies. If the RAM is your computer’s short-term memory, your hard drive is the long-term memory. It stores the things you want to keep around for a while. An optical drive, more commonly known as a CD or DVD drive is what you’ll use to read CDs, DVDs, and even Blu-Ray discs. Not everyone needs an optical drive in his/her computer, but you’ll need one to install anything from a disc. The final major component you’ll need is the power supply. This does just as the name implies, it powers the computer. Depending on what you plan on using the computer for will determine the â€Å"size† of power supply you’ll need. Just as I said with picking the case, wait to pick this out until you figure out how much power you’ll need. Now that I’ve told you about all the components that make up a computer it’s time to start deciding which to use. While deciding make sure you read everything because you’ll need to make sure everything is compatible. Now that you’ve bought all your components, it’s time for the moment of truth: You’re ready to actually put together the machine. Assembling your computer can seem daunting, but it’s actually pretty easy. Here’s what you need to do. To start, open up your case’s box, take out the case, and open it up. Usually this involves unscrewing a few thumb screws on the back of your case and sliding the side panels off. Take a good look around your case and get acquainted; note where the hard drive bays are, where your CD drive will go, whether the power supply mounts on the top or the bottom, and so on. There should also be a bag of screws inside your case; grab that now and set it aside because we’ll need it in a few minutes. Open up your motherboard box and take out the I/O shield, which is the metal plate that protects the ports on the back of your motherboard. You should see a rectangular space in the back of your case where this should go. Snap it into place. This takes quite a bit of force, so make sure all four sides are snapped in securely. Next, pull out your motherboard and line up the ports on the back with the I/O shield. You should see that the holes on your motherboard line up with screw holes on the bottom of your case. There are probably more holes on your case than there are on your motherboard, so note which ones these are, and grab your motherboard standoffs from your bag of screws (they have a male screw end on one side, and a female screw hole on the other side). Screw the standoffs into those holes, and set your motherboard on top of them. Screw your motherboard screws into the standoffs so the motherboard is snugly mounted. Open up your processor’s box and gently take it out. Your processor is one of the more breakable parts, so this is one step in which you’ll want to be careful. Find the corner of your processor that has a gold arrow on it, and then look at your motherboard’s processor socket for a similar arrowed corner. Line these two arrows up; this is the direction your processor will go into the socket. Lift up the lever on the processor socket and put your processor in (Intel motherboards might also have a cover you have to lift up first). Pull the lever down to lock it into place. Again, do this gently—it shouldn’t require any feats of strength on your part, so if it isn’t falling into place easily, something’s wrong. Take it out and try re-setting it, make sure your two arrows are lined up, and of course, double check that your motherboard and processor are of the same socket type. Once your processor’s in, grab the cooler that came with your processor (remember, if you got an OEM processor you have to buy a cooler separately). It should already have some silver thermal paste on the bottom. If not, you’ll need to pick some up from the computer store and put a very thin line on your processor. Installing RAM is very simple. Find the RAM sockets on your motherboard, and pull the two clips on the side down. Line up the notch in your RAM stick with the notch in the socket, and press the RAM down into place. This might take a bit of pressure, so don’t worry about being overly gentle. The clips should snap back into place when the RAM is fully in the socket. For your video card (or any other PCI expansion card), find the topmost slot that fits your card and match that up with its plate on the back of the case. Remove that plate and slide the PCI card’s bracket in its place. The card should then be sitting on top of the socket, and all you need to do is press down to lock it into place. Then screw the bracket onto the case. Every case is a little bit different in how they install hard drives. Generally, there are two methods: on some cases, you have to pull out a hard drive tray, put the drive in, screw it in securely, and then slide the tray back in. Other motherboards just require you to slide the bare drive into the bay and then screw it in snug after the fact. Check your case’s manual for more detailed instructions on this case. The optical drive should be pretty self-explanatory. Just pull out the plastic cover on one of your 5. 25†³ drive bays and slide in your optical drive. Screw it into place if necessary. Once everything else is in, it’s time to install your power supply and plug everything in. (Note that if your case came with a power supply, you can skip this step, as it’ll already be installed). It should be pretty obvious where your power supply goes, as there will be a big rectangular hole on the back of your case. Some power supplies mount on the top, while some sit on the bottom of the case. Generally, they mount with the fan facing away from the edge of the case, unless that case has enough space in between the power supply mount and the end of the case to allow for airflow. Now that you have built your computer it’s time to plug it in and power it. From here it’s time to install an operating system (OS). There are several OS to pick from. The more common are Microsoft Windows and Linux. Each OS installs differently and each user has their own preference. Once you pick an OS read the instructions provided to install it. Now that you have installed the OS you now have a fully functioning computer that you’ve built.

Perceptions of The Trayvon Martin Shooting Essay

The Trayvon Martin shooting is a perfect case of intercultural communication involving racial perceptions. In this case Trayvon Martin was shot and killed because of his suspicious behavior and what he was wearing. This made national news and was associated with a hate crime. During the night of February 26, 2012 George Zimmerman was running an errand and while he was doing that Zimmerman spotted a Man walking and having a suspicious behavior by cutting in between houses. From seeing that Zimmerman proceeded to follow him in the meantime Zimmerman was on the phone with the Police the whole time. Zimmerman stopped his vehicle while still in contact with the Police and left his car. After he left his car there was a an altercation between Martin and Zimmerman leaving Trayvon Martin dead. Immediately after this Police arrived on scene taking arresting Zimmerman on the scene. The Sanford, Florida Police report â€Å"The encounter between George Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin was ultimately avoidable by Zimmerman, if Zimmerman had remained in his vehicle and awaited the arrival of law enforcement, or conversely, if he had identified himself to Martin as a concerned citizen and initiated dialog in an effort to dispel each party’s concern† (William, USA Today). When this made national news made citizens were outraged about the shooting saying â€Å"â€Å"Trayvon was stopped because of his ethnicity† (NY Daily News). Many people across the country are relating to this shooting saying racial perception is going on every way. The shooting of Trayvon Martin is a prime example of how perception play its role in stereotyping. The reason why people have racial perceptions is because of selection. Selection is a three part process and the one that sticks out here is repetition. Obviously George Zimmerman has had repetitive personal experience’s involving suspicious behavior with African Americans. George Zimmerman was a concerned citizen and wanted to keep his community safe he â€Å"was extremely concerned about burglaries; he called the police several times to report suspicious people walking around Retreat at Twin Lakes, his gated community† (NY Times). If this wasn’t a innocent 17 year old getting gunned down for suspicious behavior then it would have been interpretive way differently. But instead in the eyes of the public this is interpretive as a teenager being shot because of the racial perception of wearing a hooded sweatshirt and being black. George Zimmerman could have approached this way differently then just chasing him down and getting into a violent altercation and leaving a teenager dead. If he would communicated with Trayvon then just assuming he was a thug and a thief just because he looked suspicious. The only reason why Trayvon looked suspicious is because of hooded sweatshirt because people associate it with hip hop culture and have the perceptual context that make people believe that the person is suspicious. The only reason why this happened is because George Zimmerman had such intense repetitive past experiences involving African American having suspicious behaviors so he just assumed. All in all, because George Zimmerman had past perceptions on suspicious behavior he just assumed Trayvon Martin to be a bad person. This will negatively impact racial perceptions for years to come. If George Zimmerman used effective ways of communication this could have ended way differently. References William , W. (May, 2012 18). Police report: Trayvon martin’s shooting was ‘avoidable’. . Retrieved January 30, 2013: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/story/2012-05-17/zimmerman-trayvon-shooting-report/55046944/1 Current: This article rates 5 out 5. It was very current and got me up to date on the shooting Relevant: This article rates 5 out 5. it was very relevant in what I needed to find out about else could have happen Authority: The Author rank 5 out 5 for authority because it coming from the US Today which is a credible new source Accurate: I give it a 4 out 5 on accuracy because it didnt tell me exactly what happened but I had good insight on perception. Purpose: The purpose of this article ranks high 5 out 5 because it was related to what information I wanted Trayvon martin case (george zimmerman). (2012, Dec 12). . Retrieved January 30, 2013: http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/m/trayvon_martin/index.html Current: This article was very current 5 out 5 because it was exactly what I was looking for Relevant: Very relevant 5 out 5 because It was information I was seeking for Authority: 5 out 5 because it comes from the NY times which is a very credible source Accurate: 5 out 5 because gave me a overview of the case Purpose: The purpose of this article ranks 5 out 5 it was exactly what I was looking for Spiliakos, P. (2012). A reason why the trayvon martin controversy got so big so fast. Retrieved January 30, 2013: http://www.firstthings.com/blogs/postmodernconservative/2012/04/06/a-reason-why-the-trayvon-martin-controversy-got-so-big-so-fast/ Current: 3 out 5 not very current it was more personal experiences Relevant: 3 out 5 not very relevant to what I wanted Authority: 2 out 5 it comes from a blog so it someones opinion Accurate: 2 out 5 Not very accurate made assumptions Purpose: 1 out 5 didn’t use the information at all Boyle, K. (March 25, 2012). Trayvon Martin’s death has put spotlight on perceptions about hoodies. Retrieved January 30, 2013: http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-03-25/lifestyle/35447016_1_million-hoodie-march-trayvon-martin-dark-hoodie Current: 5 out 5 very currant had the case but also what the country thought Relevant: 4 out 5 gave me the information on what the public saw Authority: 5 out 5 came from the Washington Post which is a very credible news source Accurate: 5 out 5 very accurate to what I need to find out Purpose: 5 out 5 gave me my evaluation of this case Weichselbaum, S. (March 27, 2012).Brooklyn[->0] In wake of controversial Trayvon Martin shooting death, Big Apple is becoming epicenter of call for justice. Retrieved January 30, 2013:

Diminishing American Pride Essay

The book Zeitoun basically talks about a Syrian American family’s experience in the time of Hurricane Katrina. It was mainly divided into two story lines, one of Abdulrahman Zeitoun, the main character, a Syrian American contractor; and one of Kathy, his wife, a white woman converted Muslim. Zeitoun had an extraordinary life, also an extraordinary experience in the time of Hurricane Katrina. He was a successful well-known businessman in local area. When everyone else was fleeing their hometown before Katrina came, Zeitoun chose to stay to protect his house and business. Later then when the city was flooded, he travelled around with his small canoe, delivering help and resources. However, he was wrong arrested as a looting suspect then and was sent into jail. He was treated as a terrorist and taken away the right of fair trial, forced to confine in a maximum security prison for a crime he didn’t commit. At the end, Zeitoun was released and able to unite with his family again, but he was not compensated in any ways for his misfortune. As this book describes, everything in the time of Hurricane Katrina had gone crazy, including the American criminal justice system. The main objection of this book is to criticize racism phenomenon in America and the rotten criminal justice system. Racism is a main subject in this book. It was first mentioned in this book in Kathy’s story line about her past life experience. â€Å"Years earlier, Kathy and her mother had gone to the DMV together to have Kathy’s license renewed. Kathy was wearing her hijab, and had already received a healthy number of suspicious looks from DMV customers and staff by the time she sat down to have her picture taken. The employee behind the camera did not disguise her contempt. ‘Take that thing off,’ the woman said. † (Zeitoun page 58) From the mentioning of these kinds of past experience seemed irrelevant to Hurricane Katrina, we can see the author’s desire to insert the topic of racism into this book. Kathy’s case shrinks small comparing to Zeitoun’s case in his arrest. â€Å"‘You guys are al Qaeda,’ the soldier said. Todd laughed derisively, but Zeitoun was startled. He could not have heard right. Zeitoun had long feared this day would come. Each of the few times he had been pulled over for a traffic violation, he knew the possibility existed that he would be harassed, misunderstood, suspected of shadowy dealing that might bloom in the imagination of any given police officer. After 9/11, he and Kathy knew that many imaginations had run amok, that the introduction of the idea of ‘sleeper cells’- groups of would-be terrorists living in the U. S. and waiting, for years or decades, to strike- meant that everyone at their mosque, or the entire mosque itself, might be waiting for instructions from their presumed leaders in the hills of Afghanistan or Pakistan. (Zeitoun page 212) It didn’t surprise me at all that Zeitoun have those thoughts that might seem over-worried in some people’s eyes.. Indeed, another author Maysan Haydar had mentioned similar thoughts in her essay â€Å"Veiled Intentions: Don’t Judge a Muslim Girl by Her Covering. † â€Å"Now some people hold their breath a bit longer, assuming I’m a fundamentalist or wondering if I’m there to cause them harm. I sense people studying me on the trains, reading the cover of the book in my hand and trying to gauge if I am one of ‘us’ or one of ‘them’. I grapple with the frustration that I can’t reassure everyone individually that my goals have everything to do with social justice and nothing to do with holy war. But I have seen suspicious fade in the eyes of the pregnant woman to whom I’ve given my subway seat or the Hasidic man whose elbow I’ve taken to help him up the stairs. † (Haydar pg 406) I feel very sorry for Haydar and Zeitoun’s experiences. Muslim people are always feared to be presumed as terrorist. American frightened by the traumatic event of 9-11 developed a stereotype against people from Middle East. The fear of being attack also again drove American crazy on national security. However, for whatever reason, racism has put upon so much harm on people we discriminate against. Muslim people like Zeitoun, hard working and honest people, are forced to live under the fear of being prosecuted for his race someday, taken away from his family, locked up in somewhere nobody would know he’s died or not. Those fears have made them coward under a lowly skin, live like second-class citizens. â€Å"In the weeks after the attacks on the Twin Towers, Kathy saw very few Muslim women in public. She was certain they were hiding, leaving home only when necessary. In Late September, she was in Walgreens when she finally saw a woman in a hijab. She ran to her. ‘Salaam alaikum! ’ she said, taking the woman’s hands. The woman, a doctor studying at Tulane, had been feeling the same way, like an exile in her own country, and they laughed at how delirious they were to see each other. † (Zeitoun page 46) Indeed, as part of international society, American allowed people to be exiled from their own country. In Edward Said’s essay, â€Å"States†, he escribed how they, Palestinian people was exiled from their own country and forced to scatter around the world, be denied of personal identity everywhere. †Some Israeli settlers on the West Bank say: ‘The Palestinians can stay here, with no rights, as resident aliens. ’ Other Israelis are less kind. † (Said pg 546) â€Å"The fact is that today I can neither return to the places of my youth, nor voyage freely in the countries and places that mean the most to me, nor feel safe from arrest or violence even in the countries I used to frequent but whose governments and policies have changed radically in recent times. (Said pg 547) In a documentary I have watched, in some cases, if a Palestinian wants to travel from points to points, they have to go through checkpoints set up by local military. They would be asked to show their prove of identity and relevant documents which sources were mostly denied. Nobody tell them what to do then, no laws protect them, some of them can’t even go to hospitals and schools like every other human being in the course that they don’t have a legal identity. We as adults, teach our kids not to bully in school, that it’s wrong to do so. In contrast, as a human, we allow our country, ourselves to bully on people with a different skin tone. Isn’t this hilarious? Another main subject posted in this book is the criminal justice system in America. Zeitoun was initially arrested in his house, then taken to the bus station, naked searched and put in jail. Throughout the whole process, he had never been told of his charges, no phone calls granted, no one had ever given him a chance to defend himself or to find a lawyer. He was treated as terrorist. In the course of his Middle-Eastern accent, everything about him seemed suspicious to the guards. He was kept in inhumane confinement, was given pork for food despite his religion. He had a deep wound in his feet but was never treated nor given any medical attention. There were basically no laws in effect, Zeitoun was treated as if he wasn’t an American citizen anymore, constitutions and laws don’t protect him. â€Å"Watching the evidence on the table mount, Zeitoun’s shoulders slackened. Most municipal systems were not functioning. There were no lawyers in the station, no judges. They would not talk their way out of this. The police and soldiers in the room were too worked up, and the evidence was too intriguing. (Zeitoun 215) But the most disappointing fact about this is what t I found out later in the book, that all of this happened to Zeitoun was not special cases happened once or twice, it was somehow permitted. â€Å"But knowing that Zeitoun’s ordeal was caused instead by systemic ignorance and malfunction- and perhaps long-festering paranoia on the part of the National Guard and whatever other agencies were involved-was unsettling. It said, quite clearly, that this wasn’t a case of a bad apple or two in the barrel. The barrel itself was rotten. (Zeitoun 307) This is totally different from what I learnt from my administration of justice class. The whole process is wrong. How could an innocent person be justified this way? Not even a phone call allowed. It is nothing better than abduction. Who gave government the right to treat people like this? I guess under the name of National Security, there’s nothing government can’t do, all laws and constitutions could be undermined. James Bamford, author of essay â€Å"Wired† pointed out the same point, says in his essay, â€Å"’They violated the Constitution setting it up. He says bluntly. â€Å"But they d idn’t care. They were going to do it anyway, and they were going to crucify anyone who stood in the way. ’† â€Å"Basically all rules were thrown out the window, and they would use any excuse to justify a waiver to spy on Americans. † (Wired pg 0843,, 084) National Security, initially served the principle of protecting Americans has become a tool to against Americans. â€Å"The NSA has turned its surveillance apparatus on the US and its citizens. It has established listening posts throughout the nation to collect and sift through billions of email messages and phone calls, whether they originate within the country or overseas. It has created a supercomputer of almost unimaginable speed to look for patterns and unscramble codes. Finally, the agency has begun building a place to store all the trillions of words and thoughts and whispers captured in its electronic net. † (Wired pg 81) Isn’t it scary to know our government has already gone this far for â€Å"National Security†? Anyone is a target of NSA. But who is more prone to be checked on? I believe this could be linked again to the topic of racism. Look back to Zeitoun and his fellows’ arrest; I believe they would never have been presumed as terrorists, despite the same context and evidence, if all four of them are white. The book Zeitoun serves more than a journalism. Dave Egger cleverly brought out these two important topics to us through the book. Could we still call our country States of freedom and equality after learning all these previously unknown facts? It’s time for people to stand up to protect the prides of America, fix our criminal justice system, drive racism into history and look forward to a better, true States of freedom and equality.

Market Attractiveness Essay

The product was recently awarded a best new product award for ‘Best toothpaste’ as well as the ‘Best in Show’. In Auckland ,Colgate main   target market like, Warehouse and new world , countdown. Colgate also available   in the   local market of the Newzealand  Ã‚   Colgate   in 2011 ,the   company holds a staggering 44. 7% global market share with its flag ship toothpaste lineThere are three competitors of Colgate in newzealandSENSODYNESensodyne  is a brand of toothpaste marketed for individuals with sensitive teeth. It is a registered trademark of glaxo smith kline which acquired it in 2001 in the purchase of block drug which developed it. Sensodyne has two main product lines: sensitivity and acid erosion. Sensodyne sensitivity products are marketed to counteract teeth sensitivity caused by exposed dentin . The price of sensodyne pure gel $4 for the 100 gm . The active ingredient is claimed to form a protective barrier in the tooth. Clinical studies have found that potassium nitrate may be effective in treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Sensodyne acid erosion products, Sensodyne ProNamel, are marketed to protect enamel from acid erision . One of ProNamel’s active ingredients, fluoride, is widely endorsed to make teeth more resistant to acid attacks and to repair previous acid decay. Both products come in a variety of flavors and with the option of whitening. Pepsodent  Pepsodent is a brand of toothpaste with a minty flavor derived from sassafras. The brand is owned by unilever,but in2013the rights to the brand in united states and Canada were bought by church and Dwight. ow pepsodent produce product like pepsodent herbal . The price of pepsodent herbal 150g of $4. 50 . Pepsodent now have the market share 17 % in RS 2200 crore oral care market  SmokerSmoker toothpaste well also cleanse and revive your mouth with its extra strong peppermint flavor. Is also ideal for non smokers who want a doubly fresh breath. For whenever you want your breath to be its most intimate best. brush with smokers toothpaste. Smokers produces new product breath freshener which is available at NZ $2. 90 in 100g. B)Market attractiveness competition market†¢Ã‚  Newzealand is the best country for interducing new toothpaste product in the market because there multi natio nal people who demand the different type and taste of the toothpaste  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   everybody becomes aware about the   toothpaste   companies of their   cheap ways of earning profit by showing big blocks but decreasing the amount of toothpaste and creates competitions. Colgate product can do a good business by introducing a new taste and flavor of toothpaste product like a herbal and gel toothpast e and this can bring a healthy profit as well by covering more and more sale volume. As aresult   according to age group of people colgate introduce their different variety of product in market like a herbal product attract to soccer people and gel product attract the rughby and the youngpeople because this product gives the freshnes to these players   The different marketing companies makes it easy for the new companies to launch their product in the super market as well as in the city smallest shops as because of their well established links and distribution channelsAuckland is the smallest geography yet most populated being home to around 1. 0 millions peoples this makes Auckland a very attractive market for the investors and companies to launch their new product. In newzealand there are four big supermarkets which provide the different taste of product all these big and small supermarkets attract the customer for purchasing the toothpaste because all these markets are so busy and customer easily approach to these supermarkets . ith the   passage of time and growth of product in the market the product start gain the popularity and also increase the market share value in the market which is improved over all market position of the product in market  Q #2:   Assess and analyze competition market segments for impact on market strategy. ?  Our company is a market orientated one and caters to most age groups from children to adults but concentrates on younger customers by making their products alluring and affordable to children. According to the latest report Auckland have the population of 1. 5 millions and peoples from the age group 20 to 85 they love to eat chocolate twice a week. This all report is for both male and female although female’s ratios are bit higher than male peoples. Children from the age of 10 to 20 they love to eat chocolate almost daily. In the four main super market of Auckland it has been analyzed in all markets that all the competitor likes to advertise and place their product in tier bin near the check out and entrance of the stores and also they have weekly promotions plane which give them little discount if they buy like Whitaker display their special promotions in countdown after every week mean to say they brings promotion and special displays in countdown two week in a month this is how they attract peoples and especially children which comes with their families in store to buy the product   by different nice and attractive tier bin display although all our competitors have their normal and permanent   positions in the shelves in chocolate corner in the countdown super market. QUWSTION 7  Ã‚  LEGAL  In a newzealand ,if a company never have any legal rights to sale any product then they can not sale anything. they should have the legal licence for the sale . In   newzealand if any company want to sale their   toothpaste product i n local market then they have authority to sale their colgate product in market. In newzealand is there is also rule of fair trade act the colgate company follow all rule and regulation keep in the mind fair trading act. 2 SOCIALaccording to customer need and their life style colgate introduce their product in the market . ith the passage of time customer want the different flavour according to society of people colgate make their toothpaste product in newzealand market like a herbal and gel product toothpaste  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this we must be able to offer products and services that aim to complement and benefit people lifestyle and behavior. If organizations do not respond to changes in society they will lose market share and demand for their product or service. Population changes also have a direct impact on organizations. Changes in the structure of a population will affect the supply and demand of goods and services within an economy3 TECHNOLOGYDue to technology, there are lot of c hanging in toothpaste quality, quantity packaging  . Technology infrastructure such as the internet and other information exchange systems including telephone. Technology systems incorporating a multitude of software which help them manage their toothpaste business in different areas of new Zealand. Fast information can benefit businesses as they are able to react quickly to changes within their operating environment. These are technology factor which effect on marketing strategy of the Colgate toothpaste4 CULTURAL  Ã¢â‚¬â€œThere are many  cultural effects on market strategy. Different country has different culture so their demand of product is depend on their culture like kiwi people choice of Colgate   herbal flavour is the 30 %and gel toothpaste 20% . Culture always increase the demand of product in the market5 ECONOMICS –  The economic power of country effect to the market strategy of company   if country has poor   economic power and there are living low income people so company cannot increase the price of product if company increase the product price then low income people cannot buy the product so our company Colgate choose the best price $ 8 of one Colgate which purchase the low and high income people very easily6 REGULATORY –Regulatory means rule and regulation of market if any business does not use the regulatory then it cannot success. The fair trading act is spending the main role in marketing strategy . The Colgate company always does the work according to this act and it gives the proper information abbot product and service if this company gives the wrong information to their customers the customer can take the step against Colgate company it is also rule of fair trading act7 COMPETITIVE –Today’s business environment poses many challenges to high-technology enterprises in every segment of the industry . The competitor always impact on the market strategy of company . Company has to promote their product compare to their competitor like Colgate product is cheap then sensodyne or smoker . Moreover Colgate give the special offer like it gives the   free toothbrush   with one Colgate pack  Ã‚  8 DEMOGRAPHIC –There are many demographic effect on marketing strategy of   company. Demographic means select the target audience according their different sex ,age   etcetera. Different age has different demand of product in the market as children like sweet Colgate or youngster or old people has more demand of mint flavor of Colgate so Colgate company has to make the product keep in the mind different choice of customers9 POLITICAL –Colgate is the multinational brand and it is main distribution centre in wellington which produce the Colgate toothpaste product in whole new Zealand Political Government change policies could affect import of goods. Like custom charges on the International made goods. If government make charges increase in the custom rates, it will affect on those company who sell the international products in New Zealand10 NATURAL –The climate or environment effect on the market strategy of company  . It also effect on the demand of product . in newzealand people give the more priority herbal toothpaste because it is suitable for the people according their involvement   . Colgate lways produce their product according their climate   of the country11 ETHNICS –Ethnics means people of different culture , region, casts and nationality who are living in same society . There are heaps of impact on market strategy of company . Different people have different choice according their culture, religion and nationality  for example Indian people has different taste compare to kiwi people so they always different flavor of the colgate for example kiwi people like the herbal toothpaste and indian people like orange flavor of toothpaste  Ã‚  Ã‚  Q 3 Three marketing activities of main competitorAns  PromotionalNowadays, every company make promotional policy for increasing sales of product in market. The competitors of Colgate also give priority to advertise, for increase market share and market growth of product in market. In 2011,Smokers and pepsodent make unique promotional policy ,spend 1/3 part of income on promotional. As a result. The sales of both company increase 5-7% in end of particular year. Moreover, the value   market share of company increase, it is helpful to create new customer, company maintain their position in market. Both competitors of expand their business in different areas like develop business in rural areas and backward areas. As a result, the company helpful to market growth in different areas. Cost ControlThe competitors of Colgate also controlled cost of product. As a result, the company helpful for earning profit which leads to increase market share and market growth in market. In2011,somkers make specialist team   for reducing cost of product. The company purchase manufacturing material from different company make long term planning with manufacturing company. After that, manufacturing company give 10% discount on manufacturing material. DisplayIn market ,pepsodent and smokers adopt display method for attracting more customer and create image in customer mind. Both of company show all information in front of office, where customer easily understand product quality and  quantity. in  display ,the company also give different packing to their product means in packing show more quantity and also mention about product ingredient. Example in 50m of pepsodent which show all ingredient of product and company give unique packing . As a result, the product of company successful in market increase sale up to 15% in  2011. it  is helpful for company to expand their business in different areas. Question 4Complete sales forecast and evaluate both  A- Qualitatively  B- Quantitatively  QualitativelyColgate is the main aim to provide the high quality toothpaste to their customers in New Zealand. In simple world it is the quality of a product or service refers to the perception of the degree to which the product or service meets the customer’s expectations. In 2001, a record 39 present of total sales came from new products introduced in the past five years. The sale forecast of Colgate in newzealand$28 million from 2012 to 2013 and company want to earn 14% to 16 % profitQuantitatively:Colgate quantitavily means the quantity of product in particular product. It show the how many quantity we give the respected customer, It is all about the quantity not about the quality. It matters a lot to increase the product sales of the Colgate toothpaste in the marketBy the early 1990’s there were many different companies that focused on oral care products, with the leader being Colgate-Palmolive. By 1991, Colgate Palmolive held the number one position in the world for the sale of oral care products, accounting for 19% of the total toothbrush market. The company’s sales and profits were increasing each year, and by 1991 sales totalled â€Å"1. 03 billion dollars, while profits totalled 9. 8 million dollars,. At this point in time Colgate had introduced two different types of toothbrushes to the market, the Colgate Classic and the Colgate Plus. For producing toothpaste product Colgate use the latest technology and the ingredients to increase the quality of the product like Herbal and the Gel toothpaste is the best example of the high quality of product in the market in 2010 -11, in this way the sale of the company increase up to 10% in 2010 -11. The sale of colgate in 2008-09 was 14 million and company earn the $5 million profit in this year . here was the rapidly change the sale of the colgate in 2009-10,it was the $18million company earn almost 8 million profit in this year  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Question 5Assess selected marketing strategies for their impact upon profit. Expand market :Colgate makes the different market strategy for increasing their profit in market. Expand market means expand the business in the all rural and urban areas in New Zealand . Colgate expand their business in south and the north region which means the company earn the extra profit from their market strategies about their business. Moving into new market areas can transform a business and, handled correctly, can significantly increase your profitability. However, bear in mind that developing new products and services and selling in new markets can be risky – and mistakes can prove very  expensive. in  2008-09 the colgate the worth value in newzealand $14million  after that colgate expand their business 2009-10 its worth value increase $18million and this period of time colgate company earn 7. 5%profit . in 2010-11 the company worth value again raise $20 million   . Increase share:  When the business of the Colgate expand in all area of nNew Zealand it create the new customer and the market share of the company in market . Increase in share means to earn more profit. It all about demand and supply. In 2010 the market share value of the Colgate company $10 million after that when the Colgate increase their business as a result the share value of the Colgate increase $13 million in 2011Increase margins:  Increase margin means increase the profit of the product in market and Colgate in 2010-11 the company earn the more profit 3%as a compare to 2009-10. When the margin of the company increases it also effect the market share of the . So, increase in margins will directly affect the market share but you will earn money. For example the Colgate increased the price of gel product toothpaste 200g from $2 to $3 as a result increasing the price of the Colgate the market share value of the company decline to 7 % from 12% but still company is earning profit. Reduce cost:Reduce cost is also part of the market strategy of company for increasing the profit in the market. When the company reduces the price of product in the market it is the also positive change for the company for earning the profit and increase the market share value. As a result the company save the manufacturing cost and the product cost saving. Example Colgate also decreased the price of herbal product from 200g from $3. 50 to $2 only as result the company increase the market share value and increase the sale of product in market in 2011 only herbal product give the 10% profit of the company by the reducing the price of the product  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Task 2  ObjectivesTarget Market-  The objective for the target market is 12 to 18 year olds for the next 2 years  Demand-  1. million People using 12 per year =18 million tubes of toothpaste per yearTherefore our objective is to sell 1,200,000 sweet and 1,600,000 mint flavours over next 24 months  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ProductThe objective is to launch new product in next two years  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pricing-objective is to sell new products at between $3. 50-4. 00 over next yearThe main objective of the Colgate is fix the price of their toothpaste product . For this purpose Colgate sell the herbal product 200g for $3. 50and gel toothpaste in 200g for $4  Ã‚  Distribution-objective is to use their existing strong distribution over next year  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Promotionobjective is to do   sales promotions to launch and get awareness and trials by customers of the new product over next 12 months  Strategies:A)  According to Colgate strategy we   Ã‚  Ã‚  introduce at least two new products in the market with two different flavors like gel flavor and sweet flavor within one year. B)  In second strategy of the colgate, they sponser the   sports events in New Zealand like cricket matches, Rugby matches etc motreover ,we give the advertisement of colgate product on   radio, television,magazineor internet etc in next 2 years. C)In the weekend we advertise   about the new product flavor on the night club   we distribute the pamphlets to people and give the information about the product quality to people in next two year . D)In fourth strategy the company provide the discount on their gel and the herbal product and set the minimum price of the gel product 200g in $4 and herbal product $3. 50 for 200g in 2 years. : Our best strategy is advertisement of the new product flavour on the sports event in New Zealand because we easily provide the product information about quality to people. Question no-2  Evaluate the strategic options from 2. 1 above. Are they compatible with marketing objectives? A) Ability to maximize key opportunities and marketing strengths  Ã‚  according to Colgate strategies ,we introduce the atleast new flavour of the coilgate in the market for attracting the target market in A strategy. For promoting this product we give the advertisement on the sports event as well as distribute the pamphlets on the weekend and B and C strategies. Moreover, company provide the discount on their product on the different occasion. The market objective of the colgate to sell the sweet flavor 1,200,000 and gel flavour 1,600,000 and earn the 10 % profit in next 2 years. B)  Critical success factors in the intended market  the   critical success factor   of the colgate , the product of colgate easily available in the market where our target customer between the age group 8-18 buy the sweet flavor and 18-50 gel flavor . Moreover we promote the our product in the weekend because our target customer between 18-30 enjoying the at the club and the night party  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  C)  Marketing capabilities and resourcesThe market share of the Colgate 40% in the newzealand toothpaste industry as result Colgate company is the market capability to introduce the at least 2 flavour in the market with the new technology A strategy. In B and C strategy colgate company use their resources and advertisement of the product on the sports event and give the pamphlets to the people. In this way company earn the 10% profit in next 2 years  D)Market characteristics  Market characteristics of the colgate company, the market share of the colgate 40% in toothpaste of New Zealand but the competitor of the colgate toothpaste like smoker, pepsodent market share 10 and 15 % respectively. In a strategy of colgate they introduce the at least a 2 flavor of colgate product within 12 months but the competitor of the colgate launch only the one product within 2 year in the market,in B and C strategies colgate advertise their product on the sports event and distribute the pamphlets on the night club for attracting the target customer they provide the discount on the product in D in next 2 years. E)Competitive Factors  In newzealand the competitor of the collate smoker and the pepsodent only the 10 and 15% market share respectively but the colgate market share 40%. n A strategy colgate introduce the two product within 12 months but the competitor launch the one product wit hin 2 years as result the competitor factor give the positive response to increase the market share in the market in B and C strategy colgate company advertise their product in the sports event and distribute the pamphlets in the night club but the competitor of the Colgate don’t follow these strategies as result Colgate company easily achieve their marketing objective  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Question-3Evaluate distinctive competencies and competitive advantages of strategic options. Are they compatible with marketing objectives? Colgate is the market share 40 % toothpaste because Colgate provide their service between 8-18 and 18-50 age group. In market Colgate image is better than their competitor because they introduce the 2 flavour within 12 months according to target customers . Moreover Colgate use the different ingredients for making their product which give the strength and freshness to teeth’s  The distribution of the Colgate is the well manage in newzealand because Colgate distribution network distribute the Colgate product which is unique idea for catering the target customer in New zealand. Colgate through the advertisement colgate advertise their product in the market and well manage distribution network to make the easily available product in the market these are the market strategies are main competencies of   Colgate which provide their service to target   customer in the market of New Zealand  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Task-3  Question no-1  Rank the strategic options from the information gained in task 2  The strategy that we will be ranking first   is  B  to sponsor sports events in newzealand . to advertise the colgate product in sports event we give the information about the new flavour of product to people . The strategy   of the colgate that we will be ranking second is  A  to introduce two new products flavour of colgate in the market within 12 months because colgate want to increase the market share from 40% to 50% in next 2 year as result we want increase the profit 10 % and increase the target customer between the 8-10 % . The strategy of the colgate is that we will be ranking third is C to advertise the product on the night club because target customer of the colgate between the 18-30 age group people enjoing at the weekend but the colgate easily dstribute the pamphlets and give the proper information to people. The   strategy of colgate is that we will be ranking fourth is the D provide the discount on the new product flavour within 2 years because the competitor of the colgate set the high price of the sweet and thegel flavour in the market but colgate set the price   between$ 3. 50 to $4 sweet and gel flavour respectively. Q2-Balance the risks and returns associated with strategies are against the feasibility of achieving the marketing objective. The Main risk of colgate to spend huge money on advertisement because sometimes advertise donot successful for creating new customer and   not increase the sale of product in market. moreover it can be negative impact on the colgate strategies because advertisement don’t provide the proper information about the product quality to the people sometimes people   don’t like the advertisement thus every advertisement give the same message about the product to people so people don’t give the priority to advertisement of the product as result company don’t successful to provide the information about the product to people. The another risk for Colgate company of distribution network in newzealand.